Satellite Television
Satellite television is television delivered by the means of communications satellite and received by a satellite dish and set-top box. In many areas of the world it provides a wide range of channels and services, often to areas that are not serviced by terrestrial or cable providers.
Satellite television is television delivered by the means of communications satellite and received by a satellite dish and set-top box. In many areas of the world it provides a wide range of channels and services, often to areas that are not serviced by terrestrial or cable providers.
When satellite television first hit the market in the early 1990s, home dishes were expensive metal units that took up a huge chunk of yard space. In these early years, only the most die-hard TV fans would go through all the hassle and expense of putting in their own dish. Satellite TV was a lot harder to get than broadcast and cable TV.
Today, you see compact satellite dishes perched on rooftops all over the United States. Drive through rural areas beyond the reach of the cable companies, and you'll find dishes on just about every house. The major satellite TV companies are luring in more consumers every day with movies, sporting events and news from around the world and the promise of movie-quality picture and sound. Satellite TV offers many solutions to broadcast and cable TV problems. Though satellite TV technology is still evolving, it has already become a popular choice for many TV viewers.
Conceptually, satellite TV is a lot like broadcast TV. It's a wireless system for delivering television programming directly to a viewer's house. Both broadcast television and satellite stations transmit programming via a radio signal. Broadcast stations use a powerful antenna to transmit radio waves to the surrounding area. Viewers can pick up the signal with a much smaller antenna. The main limitation of broadcast TV is range.
The radio signals used to broadcast television shoot out from the broadcast antenna in a straight line. In order to receive these signals, you have to be in the direct line of sight of the antenna. Small obstacles like trees or small buildings aren't a problem; but a big obstacle, such as the Earth, will reflect these radio waves. If the Earth were perfectly flat, you could pick up broadcast TV thousands of miles from the source. But because the planet is curved, it eventually breaks the signal's line of sight.
The other problem with broadcast TV is that the signal is often distorted, even in the viewing area. To get a perfectly clear signal like you find on cable, you have to be pretty close to the broadcast antenna without too many obstacles in the way.
The Satellite TV Solution
Satellite TV solves the problems of range and distortion by transmitting broadcast signals from satellites orbiting the Earth. Since satellites are high in the sky, there are a lot more customers in the line of sight. Satellite TV systems transmit and receive radio signals using specialized antennas called satellite dishes.
Satellite TV solves the problems of range and distortion by transmitting broadcast signals from satellites orbiting the Earth. Since satellites are high in the sky, there are a lot more customers in the line of sight. Satellite TV systems transmit and receive radio signals using specialized antennas called satellite dishes.
Satellites are higher in the sky than TV antennas, so they have a much larger line of sight range.
The TV satellites are all in geosynchronous orbit, meaning that they stay in one place in the sky relative to the Earth. Each satellite is launched into space at about 7,000 mph (11,000 kph), reaching approximately 22,200 miles (35,700 km) above the Earth. At this speed and altitude, the satellite will revolve around the planet once every 24 hours -- the same period of time it takes the Earth to make one full rotation. In other words, the satellite keeps pace with our moving planet exactly. This way, you only have to direct the dish at the satellite once, and from then on it picks up the signal without adjustment, at least when everything works right.
Satellite TV System
Early satellite TV viewers were explorers of sorts. They used their expensive dishes to discover unique programming that wasn't necessarily intended for mass audiences. The dish and receiving equipment gave viewers the tools to pick up foreign stations, live feeds between different broadcast stations and a lot of other stuff transmitted using satellites.
Some satellite owners still seek out this sort of programming on their own, but today, most satellite TV customers get their programming through a direct broadcast satellite (DBS) provider, such as DirecTV or DISH Network. The provider selects programs and broadcasts them to subscribers as a set package. Basically, the provider's goal is to bring dozens or even hundreds of channels to your TV in a form that approximates the competition, cable TV.
Unlike earlier programming, the provider's broadcast is completely digital, which means it has much better picture and sound quality. Early satellite television was broadcast in C-band radio -- radio in the 3.7-gigahertz (GHz) to 6.4-GHz frequency range. Digital broadcast satellite transmits programming in the Ku frequency range (11.7 GHz to 14.5 GHz ).
The Components
There are five major components involved in a direct to home (DTH) or direct broadcasting (DBS) satellite system: the programming source, the broadcast center, the satellite, the satellite dish and the receiver.
Programming sources are simply the channels that provide programming for broadcast. The provider doesn't create original programming itself; it pays other companies (HBO, for example, or ESPN) for the right to broadcast their content via satellite. In this way, the provider is kind of like a broker between you and the actual programming sources. (Cable TV companies work on the same principle.)
The broadcast center is the central hub of the system. At the broadcast center, the TV provider receives signals from various programming sources and beams a broadcast signal to satellites in geosynchronous orbit.
The satellites receive the signals from the broadcast station and rebroadcast them to Earth.
The viewer's dish picks up the signal from the satellite (or multiple satellites in the same part of the sky) and passes it on to the receiver in the viewer's house.
The receiver processes the signal and passes it on to a standard TV.
Satellite TV Programming
Satellite TV providers get programming from two major sources: national turnaround channels (such as HBO, ESPN and CNN) and various local channels (the ABC, CBS, Fox, NBC and PBS affiliates in a particular area). Most of the turnaround channels also provide programming for cable TV, and the local channels typically broadcast their programming over the airwaves. Turnaround channels usually have a distribution center that beams their programming to a geosynchronous satellite. The broadcast center uses large satellite dishes to pick up these analog and digital signals from several sources.
Most local stations don't transmit their programming to satellites, so the provider has to get it another way.
The broadcast center converts all of this programming into a high-quality, uncompressed digital stream. At this point, the stream contains a vast quantity of data -- about 270 megabits per second (Mbps) for each channel. In order to transmit the signal from there, the broadcast center has to compress it. Otherwise, it would be too big for the satellite to handle.
Cable: Satellite's Biggest Contender
With emerging technologies in each service, the hardest decision in TV viewing is no longer just what channel to watch -- it's what service to choose.
CABLE Advantages
Cable : Advancements in digital cable provide improved audio and picture quality with additional channels at a lower cost than satellite. You can also access cable channels from multiple rooms in your house fairly easily.
CABLE Disadvantages
Cable : Cable has limited access in rural areas, and you should prepare for increased service costs as your provider updates its equipment. Your service costs are also subject to local taxes.
SATELLITE Advantages
Satellite : Satellite offers movie-quality audio and picture display with hundreds of channels. This service is readily available in rural and urban areas and provides access to more digital and high definition programming.
SATELLITE Disadvantages
Satellite : It is expensive to purchase all the equipment at the outset (and you can't typically rent it). If you want to access satellite TV in multiple rooms, be prepared for extra fees. Also, satellite TV is subject to weather-related malfunctions.
Satellite TV Signal
Satellite signals have a pretty long path to follow before they appear on your TV screen in the form of your favorite TV show. Because satellite signals contain such high-quality digital data, it would be impossible to transmit them without compression. Compression simply means that unnecessary or repetitive information is removed from the signal before it is transmitted. The signal is reconstructed after transmission.
Satellite Dish
When the signal reaches the viewer's house, it is captured by the satellite dish. A satellite dish is just a special kind of antenna designed to focus on a specific broadcast source. The standard dish consists of a parabolic (bowl-shaped) surface and a central feed horn. To transmit a signal, a controller sends it through the horn, and the dish focuses the signal into a relatively narrow beam.
The dish on the receiving end can't transmit information; it can only receive it. The receiving dish works in the exact opposite way of the transmitter. When a beam hits the curved dish, the parabola shape reflects the radio signal inward onto a particular point, just like a concave mirror focuses light onto a particular point.
Satellite Receiver
It de-scrambles the encrypted signal. It takes the digital MPEG-2 or MPEG-4 signal and converts it into an analog format that a standard television can recognize. It extracts the individual channels from the larger satellite signal. It keeps track of pay-per-view programs and periodically phones a computer at the provider's headquarters to communicate billing information.
The Black-and-White TV Signal
In a black-and-white TV, the screen is coated with white phosphor and the electron beam "paints" an image onto the screen by moving the electron beam across the phosphor a line at a time. To "paint" the entire screen, electronic circuits inside the TV use the magnetic coils to move the electron beam in a "raster scan" pattern across and down the screen.
Color TV Screen
A color TV screen differs from a black-and-white screen inthree ways:
o There are three electron beams that move simultaneously across the screen. They are named the red, green and blue beams.
o The screen is not coated with a single sheet of phosphor as in a black-and-white TV. Instead, the screen is coated with red, green and blue phosphors arranged in dots or stripes. If you turn on your TV or computer monitor and look closely at the screen with a magnifying glass, you will be able to see the dots or stripes.
o On the inside of the tube, very close to the phosphor coating, there is a thin metal screen called a shadow mask. This mask is perforated with very small holes that are aligned with the phosphor dots (or stripes) on the screen.
How does Satellite Television work?
Satellite TV works by broadcasting video and audio signals from geostationary satellites to satellite dishes on the Earth's surface. These geostationary satellites orbit the earth in a region of space known as the Clarke Belt, which is approximately 22,300 miles above the equator. Each of these satellites carries a number of transponders. These transponders each carry a signal back to the Earth. These signals are typically on C Band, Ku Band, or Ka Band. The band of a signal describes, in broad terms, the frequency of the signal. After travelling over twenty thousand miles, these signals are received by a satellite dish.
This dish can be as small as 18" across, or it can be 9‘ or larger across. The purpose of the dish is to act as a collector and a reflector. The dish collects the signal and reflects it towards the feedhorn. The feedhorn receives the reflected signal and sends it to the LNB. The LNB amplifies the signal and converts it to a frequency more suitable for transmission over a cable. In satellite terminology, that cable is known as the IFL. The LNB transmits the signal over the IFL to the satellite receiver. The satellite receiver then sends the signal to your television set.
Monday, December 14, 2009
Monday, December 7, 2009
for GenSci 3
University of Saint La Salle
Bacolod City
College of Arts and Sciences
An Environmental Science Reading in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements of the Course General Science III - Environmental Science
Submitted by:
Jim Austin M. Tolentino
ABCO2
Submitted to:
Dr. Jessica Villarosa
GenSci 3
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/11/091109142129.htm
Bacolod City
College of Arts and Sciences
An Environmental Science Reading in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements of the Course General Science III - Environmental Science
Submitted by:
Jim Austin M. Tolentino
ABCO2
Submitted to:
Dr. Jessica Villarosa
GenSci 3
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/11/091109142129.htm
Tuesday, October 20, 2009
Resource Message for the United Nations' Day Celeb
Tomorrow marks the official coming to existence of what we now call the United Nations Organization. It is the world leaders’ effort to cushion the effects of the Second World War as the casualties had been poorly managed by the League of Nations. All over the world, this day is being celebrated as the world’s peace day, as it had been declared to be the day of celebrating the birth of regulation of global issues. It was even declared in 1971, 24 years after it had been established, that UN member states observe this day as a public holiday by the United Nations Resolution 2782. We display flags of countries; we do programs, meetings, discussions and exhibits about the achievements of this union of the nations.
As we all know by now, the United Nations is an organization aiming to regulate international affairs, ultimately leading to world peace. Who wouldn’t want that, shall we ask?
In 1945, toward the end of the war, the League of Nations had been abolished to give way to the founding of the United Nations Organization to stop the wars between countries and provide communication between the states. It has subdivisions that serve as arms and legs in executing programs.
To encourage visualization, the heads had to come up with an emblem, a symbol into which people would look to for reference. And so on October 1946, they came up with this design which showed the most of the world on a flat disc. Later, they added Antarctica, which was not included in the first emblem. The Greenwich Meridian was placed at the center and was accepted by the members. More and more designs came, and these designs became simpler and more monochromatic until a level of simplicity and dignity had been attained.
On October 20, 1947, the resolution 167 (II) was released to put the emblem on a flag together with the formulation of a flag code which was published on December 19 of the same year. Amendments were done in November of 1952 and a complete revision on New Year’s Day of 1967.
To house UN meetings and offices, the United States congress decided to request that the UN offices be built in the country. New York City reigned supreme among the choices of location and construction went on in 1949 and 1950. The land was purchased with an 8.5 million – dollar donation from John D. Rockefeller, Jr. and was opened on January 9, 1951.
Aside from New York, major agencies under UN based themselves in Geneva, the Hague, Vienna, Nairobi and other places.
The idea for the future United Nations as an international organization emerged in declarations signed at the wartime Allied conferences in Moscow (Russia) and in Tehran (Iran)in 1943. From August to October 1944, representatives of France, the Republic of China, the United Kingdom, the United States, and the USSR met to elaborate plans at the Dumbarton Oaks Conference in Washington, D.C.
Those and latter talks produced proposals outlining the purposes of the United Nations Organization, its membership and organs, as well as arrangements to maintain international peace and security and international economic and social cooperation. Governments and private citizens worldwide discussed and debated these proposals.
At the Yalta Conference it was agreed that membership would be open to nations that had joined the Allies by 1 March 1945. Brazil, Syria and a number of other countries qualified for membership by declarations of war on either Germany or Japan in the first three months of 1945 - in some cases retroactively.
Other signs included flags of other member states and a few patches, all symbolic of the essence of the union of the nations of the world.
The United Nations continues to cater to the needs of the world like the development of human rights, economies, decolonializations, health and education. The prevention of the occurrence of wars is one of their strongest advocacies. But then, there had been wars over the years, but none so far had been elevated to world war status.
The organization’s main advocacies include children’s welfare; in which developed and developing countries seem to have little to no time for. Children would be left homeless and sleep on the streets. They would be underfed, and undereducated. The future is dim for them, and as they were born and were raised is the streets, it is likely that they’d also die in the streets, robbed of the chance to prove themselves to the world.
Together with, but not totally in accordance to children, is education. That is said because the United Nations doesn’t just appeal the need for education to the young, but to the matured but uneducated people as well. It is a big job which includes raising awareness on healthcare and sanitation, family and lifestyle, and not just within school instruction.
Hunger and malnutrition result from poverty, often caused by colonialization and war. This is mostly seen in African countries, which had been divided into the hands of European powers in the late 1800s and early 1900s. It is there therefore that hunger and poverty is most evident. These countries had been ripped off of its riches, and the people’s morale is very low because of slavery and ethnical/tribal persecution as seer in the feature film “Tears of the Sun.” Diseases also abound due to lack of awareness in hygiene and healthcare. The United Nations’ Millennium Campaign aims to change this.
Peace, as mentioned earlier, is the UN’s primary advocacy, in the face of the raging war the time the organization was founded. But the problem did not end when the war ended. There are countries and cities to rebuild because of destruction of infrastructure and people to feed because of the destruction of livelihood and industry. As depicted by the bird with a twig in its beak, like Noah’s post-flood time, this is a symbol of hope especially to the war-ravaged countries that there still is hope.
Health issues are dictated by a person’s or a people’s way of living. Because of poverty and undereducation, malnourishment and hygienic negligence result in the spreading of very preventable and treatable diseases that cost the life of many of the people in these countries. Without decent shelters, clean water and clean food, people get sick and die. How much more without just shelters, water and food?
HIV or AIDS is still one of the most effective killers today. But the disease is defined by belief. There are hearsays as to guaranteed cures and sure risks to being infected with the virus, but a lot of people around the world do not base their beliefs and fears on the disease on fact.
Children’s Human Rights is the most important human rights advocacy in the world. Childhood displays a lot of innocence and trusting, and anything done against the best interests of a child is punished. And so the Convention on the Rights of the Child is adopted by the United Nations Assembly in 1989.
No man is an island, we say. The same is true with the union of the nations. In time of difficulty and suffering from emergencies especially of natural disasters, the United Nations advocate to help the affected countries with financial and in-kind help by supplying goods and money to help the victims rebuild their lives with. The United Nations were there after Hurricane Katrina destroyed the US and many other countries. The Pakistani earthquake left people homeless after the country suffered from landslides. Just after Ondoy and Pepeng, and certainly even after Ramil, the Philippines enjoys a steady stream of assistance from all over the world, not just coming from Filipino communities in different countries but from the locals as well.
The world has natural reactions to human actions. Intense heat not reflected back to the sun due to thinning ozone layer comes to the earth and melts the polar ice. Water level increases and disasters abound. In short, Climate Change. This is one of the biggest environmental issues that threaten global survival today. The UN closely monitors this together with the world’s environmental organizations as it would affect first and most the developing countries especially with their poor and still developing disaster management programs.
Women comprise more than half of the world’s population. But they seem to belong to the minority when it comes to global treatment. Violence, illiteracy and inequality are some of the toughest issues they face because of their gender.
The United Nations struggles to address the problems of the world many at a time. There aren’t anyway better for them, who also face threats from the very same problems. The feature film Tears of the Sun showcased how a nation can be very unstable within itself, and how the rest of the world, if not watching from the sidelines, reacts to them. There are medical and religious missions on the war areas to offer medical and moral support and doctors from all over the world come to help the sick and the hungry. American soldiers come to rescue the afflicted, and neighboring countries provide shelter for the refugees.
The United Nations – how helpful to the world’s welfare an organization can it be? What can we do to help? Wouldn’t it be better, make the planet cleaner and more peaceful, if we start the change from within to avoid cleaning up our mess after something bad already happened? Or maybe we can work hand-in-hand in order prevent bad things happening and if something does happen, the people above us, that is the world leaders and the United Nations would have less things and problems to think about.
As we all know by now, the United Nations is an organization aiming to regulate international affairs, ultimately leading to world peace. Who wouldn’t want that, shall we ask?
In 1945, toward the end of the war, the League of Nations had been abolished to give way to the founding of the United Nations Organization to stop the wars between countries and provide communication between the states. It has subdivisions that serve as arms and legs in executing programs.
To encourage visualization, the heads had to come up with an emblem, a symbol into which people would look to for reference. And so on October 1946, they came up with this design which showed the most of the world on a flat disc. Later, they added Antarctica, which was not included in the first emblem. The Greenwich Meridian was placed at the center and was accepted by the members. More and more designs came, and these designs became simpler and more monochromatic until a level of simplicity and dignity had been attained.
On October 20, 1947, the resolution 167 (II) was released to put the emblem on a flag together with the formulation of a flag code which was published on December 19 of the same year. Amendments were done in November of 1952 and a complete revision on New Year’s Day of 1967.
To house UN meetings and offices, the United States congress decided to request that the UN offices be built in the country. New York City reigned supreme among the choices of location and construction went on in 1949 and 1950. The land was purchased with an 8.5 million – dollar donation from John D. Rockefeller, Jr. and was opened on January 9, 1951.
Aside from New York, major agencies under UN based themselves in Geneva, the Hague, Vienna, Nairobi and other places.
The idea for the future United Nations as an international organization emerged in declarations signed at the wartime Allied conferences in Moscow (Russia) and in Tehran (Iran)in 1943. From August to October 1944, representatives of France, the Republic of China, the United Kingdom, the United States, and the USSR met to elaborate plans at the Dumbarton Oaks Conference in Washington, D.C.
Those and latter talks produced proposals outlining the purposes of the United Nations Organization, its membership and organs, as well as arrangements to maintain international peace and security and international economic and social cooperation. Governments and private citizens worldwide discussed and debated these proposals.
At the Yalta Conference it was agreed that membership would be open to nations that had joined the Allies by 1 March 1945. Brazil, Syria and a number of other countries qualified for membership by declarations of war on either Germany or Japan in the first three months of 1945 - in some cases retroactively.
Other signs included flags of other member states and a few patches, all symbolic of the essence of the union of the nations of the world.
The United Nations continues to cater to the needs of the world like the development of human rights, economies, decolonializations, health and education. The prevention of the occurrence of wars is one of their strongest advocacies. But then, there had been wars over the years, but none so far had been elevated to world war status.
The organization’s main advocacies include children’s welfare; in which developed and developing countries seem to have little to no time for. Children would be left homeless and sleep on the streets. They would be underfed, and undereducated. The future is dim for them, and as they were born and were raised is the streets, it is likely that they’d also die in the streets, robbed of the chance to prove themselves to the world.
Together with, but not totally in accordance to children, is education. That is said because the United Nations doesn’t just appeal the need for education to the young, but to the matured but uneducated people as well. It is a big job which includes raising awareness on healthcare and sanitation, family and lifestyle, and not just within school instruction.
Hunger and malnutrition result from poverty, often caused by colonialization and war. This is mostly seen in African countries, which had been divided into the hands of European powers in the late 1800s and early 1900s. It is there therefore that hunger and poverty is most evident. These countries had been ripped off of its riches, and the people’s morale is very low because of slavery and ethnical/tribal persecution as seer in the feature film “Tears of the Sun.” Diseases also abound due to lack of awareness in hygiene and healthcare. The United Nations’ Millennium Campaign aims to change this.
Peace, as mentioned earlier, is the UN’s primary advocacy, in the face of the raging war the time the organization was founded. But the problem did not end when the war ended. There are countries and cities to rebuild because of destruction of infrastructure and people to feed because of the destruction of livelihood and industry. As depicted by the bird with a twig in its beak, like Noah’s post-flood time, this is a symbol of hope especially to the war-ravaged countries that there still is hope.
Health issues are dictated by a person’s or a people’s way of living. Because of poverty and undereducation, malnourishment and hygienic negligence result in the spreading of very preventable and treatable diseases that cost the life of many of the people in these countries. Without decent shelters, clean water and clean food, people get sick and die. How much more without just shelters, water and food?
HIV or AIDS is still one of the most effective killers today. But the disease is defined by belief. There are hearsays as to guaranteed cures and sure risks to being infected with the virus, but a lot of people around the world do not base their beliefs and fears on the disease on fact.
Children’s Human Rights is the most important human rights advocacy in the world. Childhood displays a lot of innocence and trusting, and anything done against the best interests of a child is punished. And so the Convention on the Rights of the Child is adopted by the United Nations Assembly in 1989.
No man is an island, we say. The same is true with the union of the nations. In time of difficulty and suffering from emergencies especially of natural disasters, the United Nations advocate to help the affected countries with financial and in-kind help by supplying goods and money to help the victims rebuild their lives with. The United Nations were there after Hurricane Katrina destroyed the US and many other countries. The Pakistani earthquake left people homeless after the country suffered from landslides. Just after Ondoy and Pepeng, and certainly even after Ramil, the Philippines enjoys a steady stream of assistance from all over the world, not just coming from Filipino communities in different countries but from the locals as well.
The world has natural reactions to human actions. Intense heat not reflected back to the sun due to thinning ozone layer comes to the earth and melts the polar ice. Water level increases and disasters abound. In short, Climate Change. This is one of the biggest environmental issues that threaten global survival today. The UN closely monitors this together with the world’s environmental organizations as it would affect first and most the developing countries especially with their poor and still developing disaster management programs.
Women comprise more than half of the world’s population. But they seem to belong to the minority when it comes to global treatment. Violence, illiteracy and inequality are some of the toughest issues they face because of their gender.
The United Nations struggles to address the problems of the world many at a time. There aren’t anyway better for them, who also face threats from the very same problems. The feature film Tears of the Sun showcased how a nation can be very unstable within itself, and how the rest of the world, if not watching from the sidelines, reacts to them. There are medical and religious missions on the war areas to offer medical and moral support and doctors from all over the world come to help the sick and the hungry. American soldiers come to rescue the afflicted, and neighboring countries provide shelter for the refugees.
The United Nations – how helpful to the world’s welfare an organization can it be? What can we do to help? Wouldn’t it be better, make the planet cleaner and more peaceful, if we start the change from within to avoid cleaning up our mess after something bad already happened? Or maybe we can work hand-in-hand in order prevent bad things happening and if something does happen, the people above us, that is the world leaders and the United Nations would have less things and problems to think about.
Tuesday, October 13, 2009
for Jether
The class of Communication Values and Ehics offers more things, for me, aside from the basic lectures for trustworthiness, dignity and credibility. I once first thought that the subject would be a breeze, with boredom blues to experience. However, I turned out to be wrong. Aside from it goes out of the usual “lecture” routine, the subject is indeed enjoyable, as seen in every activity done. I now have a different view towards looking at subjects and jumping to conclusions and assumptions. I thank the subjectfor opening my eyes before its too late.
Winding in my life’s ocean, I became aware that dilemmas, mostly ethical have ruled my life. At first, I thought getting out of it is the only way to solve them. Again, I was wrong. Getting out, or escaping would make you dull, fearful and distrustful. I learned that I should face it, and pick the best possible solution. As I look more, I have seen the errors I’ve done because instead of bringing justice, I would click the escape button and flee. I admit that the escaping turned out to be a help, but it wouldn’t get me through all times. Therefore, it is expected that as I grow more to age, better and more efficient alternatives, processes and solutions should be picked and used. It’s hard for someone who picks the escape section at all times, but I know that it is the only way to learn. I know that I have my fair share of faults and errors, some of them, destroyed people’s trust to me, destroyed my reputation and also my parents. I wish it won’t happen again. However, my efforts turned out to be futile. I just hope sooner or later, I’ll grow, and be responsible enough because I know that the world I’ll enter doesn’t have time for people who are not flexible and irresponsible. Preparation and practiced should be exercised, to destroy all hindrances to growth, and make a difference. Sooner or later, I would be facing rifts that could weaken my stand or blur my ideologies, I must be ready. I know I can’t save myself from that because they are sent to test strengths and versatility, so I need to start from now to be properly equipped. If I don’t start now, I may be doomed of following a dark and sinister road.
In terms of thinking ethically, almost all learned persons stress that the mind should be wise and knowledgeable enough to solve whatever problems he may cross. However, I am asking myself how. Thinking ethically is not achievable overnight. Like preparing for possible and potential problems, it takes a deal of courage and determination. It is because I, for one, am not entirely sure of what I’ll face the moment I tell myself I’m ready for practicing thinking ethically. I know it’s a real necessity, therefore I should do it. Reading literature about the matter would aid me in the process. Journals and books about thinking ethically are things I should read to clear this skull. From these books, I am sure I could draw tips and insights to enhance thinking ethically. If possible, reviewing instances or occurrences where thinking ethically played a part should also be observed, studied, processed and eventually learned to further enhance it. The tip is to study, observe and learn. Another way also would be testing myself if I could really exercise this skill. After reading and research, the only way to test is evaluating myself. It is necessary so that I could really tell myself I have indeed learned. However I also should not feel contented and satisfied all at once. I shouldn’t stop, in analyzing, in observing, and in learning. If it is possible still, I hope I’ll find the determination to re-learn and tell myself I am still lacking and therefore requiring more guidance to continuously think ethically. After all, it doesn’t only stop at me, and the betterments are not only mine to experience, but also for everyone around me, who may enlist my aid sooner or later. This made me realize that learning to think ethically, for the matter, is not at all a process that ends, but is eternal and forever. People, that includes me, will, for all eternity strive to grow in wisdom for the betterment of a society that deserves people whoa re enthusiastic enough in spreading goodwill to all men.
Winding in my life’s ocean, I became aware that dilemmas, mostly ethical have ruled my life. At first, I thought getting out of it is the only way to solve them. Again, I was wrong. Getting out, or escaping would make you dull, fearful and distrustful. I learned that I should face it, and pick the best possible solution. As I look more, I have seen the errors I’ve done because instead of bringing justice, I would click the escape button and flee. I admit that the escaping turned out to be a help, but it wouldn’t get me through all times. Therefore, it is expected that as I grow more to age, better and more efficient alternatives, processes and solutions should be picked and used. It’s hard for someone who picks the escape section at all times, but I know that it is the only way to learn. I know that I have my fair share of faults and errors, some of them, destroyed people’s trust to me, destroyed my reputation and also my parents. I wish it won’t happen again. However, my efforts turned out to be futile. I just hope sooner or later, I’ll grow, and be responsible enough because I know that the world I’ll enter doesn’t have time for people who are not flexible and irresponsible. Preparation and practiced should be exercised, to destroy all hindrances to growth, and make a difference. Sooner or later, I would be facing rifts that could weaken my stand or blur my ideologies, I must be ready. I know I can’t save myself from that because they are sent to test strengths and versatility, so I need to start from now to be properly equipped. If I don’t start now, I may be doomed of following a dark and sinister road.
In terms of thinking ethically, almost all learned persons stress that the mind should be wise and knowledgeable enough to solve whatever problems he may cross. However, I am asking myself how. Thinking ethically is not achievable overnight. Like preparing for possible and potential problems, it takes a deal of courage and determination. It is because I, for one, am not entirely sure of what I’ll face the moment I tell myself I’m ready for practicing thinking ethically. I know it’s a real necessity, therefore I should do it. Reading literature about the matter would aid me in the process. Journals and books about thinking ethically are things I should read to clear this skull. From these books, I am sure I could draw tips and insights to enhance thinking ethically. If possible, reviewing instances or occurrences where thinking ethically played a part should also be observed, studied, processed and eventually learned to further enhance it. The tip is to study, observe and learn. Another way also would be testing myself if I could really exercise this skill. After reading and research, the only way to test is evaluating myself. It is necessary so that I could really tell myself I have indeed learned. However I also should not feel contented and satisfied all at once. I shouldn’t stop, in analyzing, in observing, and in learning. If it is possible still, I hope I’ll find the determination to re-learn and tell myself I am still lacking and therefore requiring more guidance to continuously think ethically. After all, it doesn’t only stop at me, and the betterments are not only mine to experience, but also for everyone around me, who may enlist my aid sooner or later. This made me realize that learning to think ethically, for the matter, is not at all a process that ends, but is eternal and forever. People, that includes me, will, for all eternity strive to grow in wisdom for the betterment of a society that deserves people whoa re enthusiastic enough in spreading goodwill to all men.
Thursday, October 8, 2009
TOLENTINO, Jim Austin M.
ABCO2 - A 10
PR Programs for the Department
1. "Adopt-a-Family" program: each class of the Mass Communication Department will adopt at least two families, vising them with goods, lectures on health and hygiene, and helping around in the activities of the house. This aims to expose the students in urban and below average lifestyles of media consumers, and also get to ask them as to how media affects them, especially the children, and extending assistance while doing it. The activity will last for a month, in June. Each class will present their outputs with photo proofs.
2. "Dialogue on Public Service with the Officials" program: Every end of the month, political/social heads around Bacolod will be invited to speak to students of the university as facilitated by the Mass Communication Department. Youth/student leaders will be asked to participate in leadership workshops. This activity will be conducted on the months of the first semester.
3. "Piso Laban kay Ondoy" program: Mass Communication Department students will be asked to do pledges of one peso a day to help riase funds for vicitms of Typhoon Ondoy. The one-peso contributions will be collected daily by a designated secretary-treasurer of the class and will be sent to any of the various bodies that facilitate extending help to the victims.
4. "MassComm Ako, Mahalaga Ako" program: Selected students under the Department will be recognized once a month for their accomplishments in school or outside. The rest will be nominating students whom they know to have done something in the span of the current month for selection of the Mass Communication Department staff.
5. "Communicators-Teachers' Day" program: Spearheaded by the seniors, who have already encountered all of the teaching staff of the department, the members will be invited for a dinner with the Mass Comm society officers for a reminisce of their stay in the department for the last four years under them. This activity will be held on the last month of the second semester.
6. "Ask 'Nes'" program: a half-day program in the departmental offices that gives time for the students to relay their comments and suggestions to the Department Chair for brainstorming of solutions and formulation of new regulations within the department. The Chair reserves the right to judge each proposition if it is for the best interests of the majority of the members of the Society.
7. "Froshies'/Sophies'/Juniors'/Seniors' Retreat" program: each of the year levels will conduct a half-day retreat at the first Monday of each month to get balanced with their scholastic and spiritual selves. First, second, third and fouth months, all on the first Mondays, will be designated to the seniors, juniors, sophomores and fresnmen respectively.
8. "Mass Media Local Exposure" program: Sophomores, as part of their Communication introductory courses, will be visiting media production sites around Bacolod and only as far as neighboring towns and cities to observe the practices of rural/provincial mass media production. This activity will be conducted while the students are taking their Intro to Mass Comm course.
9. "Christmas is Communication" program: observed before school closes at Christmas season, students will be going out to a specific community and hold a Christmas program there, complete with giving of goods and entertainment to members of the chosen community.
10. "Parent-Communicator" program: Parents will be invited to a special program in which the students will be offering them a tribute for having been allowed and supported by them in pursuit of a communications degree. Exclusive to the graduating seniors, this activity will be held on February.
TOLENTINO, Jether Budd M.
ABCO2 - B 10 PR Programs for the Company/Department
1. "Help Us Help the Typhoon Victims" program: the department will collect funds and send it to aid-facilitating groups in Manila for the affected areas of the typhoon. This will be spearheaded by the society officers and overseen by the department chair. Collection will include money donations, in kind donations like used clothing and packed or canned food, at least 20 pesos per member, 1 piece of clothing and 1 food item. Program will be conducted over July, and the collected donations will be sent first week of August.
2. "Who's Who Among U?" program: the department will hold a communications technology contest for everyone in specific fields of mass communication like Advertising, Journalism etc. with the participation of prospective college communication students in high schools around Bacolod. This aims to introduce the department's curriculum to graduating high school seniors. Each of the classes taking up the fields to be competed in will host their respective contests. To be conducted in September, this will be a one-day event.
3. "A Paper within a Paper" program: under the leadership of the journalism instructor, juniors will be doing a paper under their official journalism paper's name to be circulated outside the university for a more commercial journalism experience. There will be a one-time low circulation on the second to the last week of the journalism course and it will contain the same print journalism content as that of dailies but will mainly feature departmental activites of the society.
4. "Books to be Kept, Books to be Read" program: A Book Fair launched by the members of the department to be handled by the Book Publishing class which will be selling used books at minimal prices. The books to be sold will be collected from members of the society who wil be willing to give old books and novels away. Proceeds will go to departmental funds. Scheduled in October, as extra activity for the teachers' day celebration.
5. "Hand-in-Hand with NSTP" program: a joint program to be launched by the department and the NSTP program in which the department will help in the service program of NSTP. Members and Officers of the society will go with the NSTP students to their selected areas of assistance to extend service like streetside clean-ups and hosting entertainment programs to the members of the chosen community. To be held every first Saturday of the month
6. "Political Service Forum:" inviting a few local aspiring politicians for 2010, the students will be listening to their proposed leadership schemes and plans of the prospective candidates. This will be headed by the seniors for their PolSci minor subject but will be open to the university. This activity will be conducted on March, the last month of the second semester in preparation for the coming May elections.
7. "Rock enroll to School" activity: a competetive rock concert featuring local bands to raise funds for departmental activities. To be held in the outdoor ampitheatre, this activity will be scheduled on the last Saturday night of June.
8. "Search for Mr. and Ms. Communications" pageant in which the winners will perform ambassadorly duties of goodwill. This will include students from Communications programs of colleges and universities around Bacolod City. Judges will include the reigning MassKara Queen and the city's First Lady, together with USLS Mr. and Ms. Freshman of 2010. The activity will be held in the eve of Valentines Day.
9. "Future Broadcasters' Press Conference" activity: Communication students around Bacolod and Iloilo will be invited to compete in a Broadcasting tilt which will be participated in by local radio and TV stations as judges to be held on August of the Academic Year.
10. "Sharing my Santa Claus" program: to be held on the last day of school before Christmas vacation, students will be collecting used toys and clothes for distribution to street children along La Salle avenue. This program is in support of Jollibee's "Ma-'Aga' ang Pasko" program, since a Jollibee branch is also located on the said street.
ABCO2 - A 10
PR Programs for the Department
1. "Adopt-a-Family" program: each class of the Mass Communication Department will adopt at least two families, vising them with goods, lectures on health and hygiene, and helping around in the activities of the house. This aims to expose the students in urban and below average lifestyles of media consumers, and also get to ask them as to how media affects them, especially the children, and extending assistance while doing it. The activity will last for a month, in June. Each class will present their outputs with photo proofs.
2. "Dialogue on Public Service with the Officials" program: Every end of the month, political/social heads around Bacolod will be invited to speak to students of the university as facilitated by the Mass Communication Department. Youth/student leaders will be asked to participate in leadership workshops. This activity will be conducted on the months of the first semester.
3. "Piso Laban kay Ondoy" program: Mass Communication Department students will be asked to do pledges of one peso a day to help riase funds for vicitms of Typhoon Ondoy. The one-peso contributions will be collected daily by a designated secretary-treasurer of the class and will be sent to any of the various bodies that facilitate extending help to the victims.
4. "MassComm Ako, Mahalaga Ako" program: Selected students under the Department will be recognized once a month for their accomplishments in school or outside. The rest will be nominating students whom they know to have done something in the span of the current month for selection of the Mass Communication Department staff.
5. "Communicators-Teachers' Day" program: Spearheaded by the seniors, who have already encountered all of the teaching staff of the department, the members will be invited for a dinner with the Mass Comm society officers for a reminisce of their stay in the department for the last four years under them. This activity will be held on the last month of the second semester.
6. "Ask 'Nes'" program: a half-day program in the departmental offices that gives time for the students to relay their comments and suggestions to the Department Chair for brainstorming of solutions and formulation of new regulations within the department. The Chair reserves the right to judge each proposition if it is for the best interests of the majority of the members of the Society.
7. "Froshies'/Sophies'/Juniors'/Seniors' Retreat" program: each of the year levels will conduct a half-day retreat at the first Monday of each month to get balanced with their scholastic and spiritual selves. First, second, third and fouth months, all on the first Mondays, will be designated to the seniors, juniors, sophomores and fresnmen respectively.
8. "Mass Media Local Exposure" program: Sophomores, as part of their Communication introductory courses, will be visiting media production sites around Bacolod and only as far as neighboring towns and cities to observe the practices of rural/provincial mass media production. This activity will be conducted while the students are taking their Intro to Mass Comm course.
9. "Christmas is Communication" program: observed before school closes at Christmas season, students will be going out to a specific community and hold a Christmas program there, complete with giving of goods and entertainment to members of the chosen community.
10. "Parent-Communicator" program: Parents will be invited to a special program in which the students will be offering them a tribute for having been allowed and supported by them in pursuit of a communications degree. Exclusive to the graduating seniors, this activity will be held on February.
TOLENTINO, Jether Budd M.
ABCO2 - B 10 PR Programs for the Company/Department
1. "Help Us Help the Typhoon Victims" program: the department will collect funds and send it to aid-facilitating groups in Manila for the affected areas of the typhoon. This will be spearheaded by the society officers and overseen by the department chair. Collection will include money donations, in kind donations like used clothing and packed or canned food, at least 20 pesos per member, 1 piece of clothing and 1 food item. Program will be conducted over July, and the collected donations will be sent first week of August.
2. "Who's Who Among U?" program: the department will hold a communications technology contest for everyone in specific fields of mass communication like Advertising, Journalism etc. with the participation of prospective college communication students in high schools around Bacolod. This aims to introduce the department's curriculum to graduating high school seniors. Each of the classes taking up the fields to be competed in will host their respective contests. To be conducted in September, this will be a one-day event.
3. "A Paper within a Paper" program: under the leadership of the journalism instructor, juniors will be doing a paper under their official journalism paper's name to be circulated outside the university for a more commercial journalism experience. There will be a one-time low circulation on the second to the last week of the journalism course and it will contain the same print journalism content as that of dailies but will mainly feature departmental activites of the society.
4. "Books to be Kept, Books to be Read" program: A Book Fair launched by the members of the department to be handled by the Book Publishing class which will be selling used books at minimal prices. The books to be sold will be collected from members of the society who wil be willing to give old books and novels away. Proceeds will go to departmental funds. Scheduled in October, as extra activity for the teachers' day celebration.
5. "Hand-in-Hand with NSTP" program: a joint program to be launched by the department and the NSTP program in which the department will help in the service program of NSTP. Members and Officers of the society will go with the NSTP students to their selected areas of assistance to extend service like streetside clean-ups and hosting entertainment programs to the members of the chosen community. To be held every first Saturday of the month
6. "Political Service Forum:" inviting a few local aspiring politicians for 2010, the students will be listening to their proposed leadership schemes and plans of the prospective candidates. This will be headed by the seniors for their PolSci minor subject but will be open to the university. This activity will be conducted on March, the last month of the second semester in preparation for the coming May elections.
7. "Rock enroll to School" activity: a competetive rock concert featuring local bands to raise funds for departmental activities. To be held in the outdoor ampitheatre, this activity will be scheduled on the last Saturday night of June.
8. "Search for Mr. and Ms. Communications" pageant in which the winners will perform ambassadorly duties of goodwill. This will include students from Communications programs of colleges and universities around Bacolod City. Judges will include the reigning MassKara Queen and the city's First Lady, together with USLS Mr. and Ms. Freshman of 2010. The activity will be held in the eve of Valentines Day.
9. "Future Broadcasters' Press Conference" activity: Communication students around Bacolod and Iloilo will be invited to compete in a Broadcasting tilt which will be participated in by local radio and TV stations as judges to be held on August of the Academic Year.
10. "Sharing my Santa Claus" program: to be held on the last day of school before Christmas vacation, students will be collecting used toys and clothes for distribution to street children along La Salle avenue. This program is in support of Jollibee's "Ma-'Aga' ang Pasko" program, since a Jollibee branch is also located on the said street.
Tuesday, September 22, 2009
Madonna Tribute to Michael Jackson at the 2009 MTV VMAs
Michael Jackson. [Cheers] I have a little bit more to say than that. OK, here we go again. Michael Jackson was born in August 1958. So was I. Michael Jackson grew up in the suburbs of the Midwest. So did I. Michael Jackson had eight brothers and sisters. So do I. When Michael Jackson was six, he became a superstar, and was perhaps the world’s most beloved child. When I was six, my mother died. I think he got the shorter end of the stick. I never had a mother, but he never had a childhood. And when you never get to have something, you become obsessed by it.
I spent my childhood searching for my mother figures. Sometimes I was successful, but how do you recreate your childhood when you are under the magnifying glass of the world?
There is no question that Michael Jackson is one of the greatest talents the world has ever known. That when he sang a song at the ripe old age of eight he could make you feel like an experienced adult was squeezing your heart with his words. That when he moved he had the elegance of Fred Astaire and packed the punch of Muhammad Ali. That his music had an extra layer of inexplicable magic that didn’t just make you want to dance but actually made you believe you could fly, dare to dream, be anything that you wanted to be. Because that is what heroes do and Michael Jackson was a hero.
He performed in soccer stadiums around the world, and sold hundreds of millions of records and dined with prime ministers and presidents. Girls fell in love with him, boys fell in love with him, everyone wanted to dance like him. He seemed otherworldly — but he was a human being.
Like most performers he was shy and plagued with insecurities. I can’t say we were great friends, but in 1991 I decided I wanted to try to get to know him better. I asked him out to dinner, I said “My treat, I’ll drive — just you and me.”
He agreed and showed up to my house without any bodyguards. We drove to the restaurant in my car. It was dark out, but he was still wearing sunglasses.
I said, “Michael, I feel like I’m talking to a limousine. Do you think you can take off your glasses so I can see your eyes?”
Then he tossed the glasses out the window, looked at me with a wink and a smile and said, “Can you see me now? Is that better?”
in that moment, I could see both his vulnerability and his charm. The rest of the dinner, I was hellbent on getting him to eat French fries, drink wine, have dessert and say bad words. Things he never seemed to allow himself to do. Later we went back to my house to watch a movie and sat on the couch like two kids, and somewhere in the middle of the movie, his hand snuck over and held mine.
It felt like he was looking for more of a friend than a romance, and I was happy to oblige. In that moment, he didn’t feel like a superstar. He felt like a human being.
We went out a few more times together, and then for one reason or another we fell out of touch. Then the witch hunt began, and it seemed like one negative story after another was coming out about Michael. I felt his pain, I know what it’s like to walk down the street and feel like the whole world is turned against you. I know what it’s like to feel helpless and unable to defend yourself because the roar of the lynch mob is so loud you feel like your voice can never be heard.
But I had a childhood, and I was allowed to make mistakes and find my own way in the world without the glare of the spotlight.
When I first heard that Michael had died, I was in London, days away from the start of my tour. Michael was going to perform in the same venue as me a week later. All I could think about in this moment was, “I had abandoned him.” That we had abandoned him. That we had allowed this magnificent creature who had once set the world on fire to somehow slip through the cracks. While he was trying to build a family and rebuild his career, we were all passing judgement. Most of us had turned our backs on him. In a desperate attempt to hold onto his memory, I went on the internet to watch old clips of him dancing and singing on TV and on stage and I thought, “my God, he was so unique, so original, so rare, and there will never be anyone like him again. He was a king.”
But he was also a human being, and alas we are all human beings and sometimes we have to lose things before we can appreciate them. I want to end this on a positive note and say that my sons, age nine and four, are obsessed with Michael Jackson. There’s a whole lot of crotch grabbing and moon walking going on in my house. And, it seems like a whole new generation of kids have discovered his genius and are bringing him to life again. I hope that wherever Michael is right now he is smiling about this.
Yes, Michael Jackson was a human being but he was a king. Long live the king.
I spent my childhood searching for my mother figures. Sometimes I was successful, but how do you recreate your childhood when you are under the magnifying glass of the world?
There is no question that Michael Jackson is one of the greatest talents the world has ever known. That when he sang a song at the ripe old age of eight he could make you feel like an experienced adult was squeezing your heart with his words. That when he moved he had the elegance of Fred Astaire and packed the punch of Muhammad Ali. That his music had an extra layer of inexplicable magic that didn’t just make you want to dance but actually made you believe you could fly, dare to dream, be anything that you wanted to be. Because that is what heroes do and Michael Jackson was a hero.
He performed in soccer stadiums around the world, and sold hundreds of millions of records and dined with prime ministers and presidents. Girls fell in love with him, boys fell in love with him, everyone wanted to dance like him. He seemed otherworldly — but he was a human being.
Like most performers he was shy and plagued with insecurities. I can’t say we were great friends, but in 1991 I decided I wanted to try to get to know him better. I asked him out to dinner, I said “My treat, I’ll drive — just you and me.”
He agreed and showed up to my house without any bodyguards. We drove to the restaurant in my car. It was dark out, but he was still wearing sunglasses.
I said, “Michael, I feel like I’m talking to a limousine. Do you think you can take off your glasses so I can see your eyes?”
Then he tossed the glasses out the window, looked at me with a wink and a smile and said, “Can you see me now? Is that better?”
in that moment, I could see both his vulnerability and his charm. The rest of the dinner, I was hellbent on getting him to eat French fries, drink wine, have dessert and say bad words. Things he never seemed to allow himself to do. Later we went back to my house to watch a movie and sat on the couch like two kids, and somewhere in the middle of the movie, his hand snuck over and held mine.
It felt like he was looking for more of a friend than a romance, and I was happy to oblige. In that moment, he didn’t feel like a superstar. He felt like a human being.
We went out a few more times together, and then for one reason or another we fell out of touch. Then the witch hunt began, and it seemed like one negative story after another was coming out about Michael. I felt his pain, I know what it’s like to walk down the street and feel like the whole world is turned against you. I know what it’s like to feel helpless and unable to defend yourself because the roar of the lynch mob is so loud you feel like your voice can never be heard.
But I had a childhood, and I was allowed to make mistakes and find my own way in the world without the glare of the spotlight.
When I first heard that Michael had died, I was in London, days away from the start of my tour. Michael was going to perform in the same venue as me a week later. All I could think about in this moment was, “I had abandoned him.” That we had abandoned him. That we had allowed this magnificent creature who had once set the world on fire to somehow slip through the cracks. While he was trying to build a family and rebuild his career, we were all passing judgement. Most of us had turned our backs on him. In a desperate attempt to hold onto his memory, I went on the internet to watch old clips of him dancing and singing on TV and on stage and I thought, “my God, he was so unique, so original, so rare, and there will never be anyone like him again. He was a king.”
But he was also a human being, and alas we are all human beings and sometimes we have to lose things before we can appreciate them. I want to end this on a positive note and say that my sons, age nine and four, are obsessed with Michael Jackson. There’s a whole lot of crotch grabbing and moon walking going on in my house. And, it seems like a whole new generation of kids have discovered his genius and are bringing him to life again. I hope that wherever Michael is right now he is smiling about this.
Yes, Michael Jackson was a human being but he was a king. Long live the king.
Saturday, September 12, 2009
rxn paper on secret window
TOLENTINO, Jim Austin M.
ABCO2 - A
Reaction Paper on the Movie "Secret Window" (David Koepp)
The movie features a case of Dissociative Identity Disorder, occuring under the influence of liquor (Jack Daniels in the movie). Mort Rainey is a short story writer suffering from a mental block who got visited by a man named Shooter claiming to have been plagiarized by him in the story "Secret Window," bringing his own manuscript. In his struggle to prove his innocence against the plagiarism complain and at the same time trying to know more about Shooter whom he believes is out of his mind, he finds his private investigator and neighbor (who is a witness to the existence of Shooter) murdered before their meeting about Shooter. He disposes of the bodies into the river nearby, afraid that these murders would be labeled his.
Furthermore, Rainey believes that Shooter is sent by his ex-wife Amy's lover Ted to terrorize him and sign the divorce papers. Amy's house burns to the ground, and Rainey relates to authorities Shooter's harrassment so they have an arson suspect.
The magazine into which Rainey's version of the story arrives via UPS, and he realizes that the pages with "Secret Window" in it had been torn. Later, he realizes that Shooter is a make-believe persona trapped within him and is released with the help of alcohol. He also remembers everything he did unconsiously like killing the neighbor and the investigator and burning Amy's house. Amy goes over to his house and Rainey kills her and Ted who follows after Amy. He buries them as said in the last part of "Secret Window," plants a corn garden on it, and eats of the grain to slowly eradicate evidence. He gets back to normal, and the local sheriff comes over and tells him that he is aware of Rainey's doings, only without enough proofs. He just relates to the sheriff about the ending of the "Secret Window."
Technicals
Being a Stephen King adaptation movie, the setting would more likely be filled with mist and murky river waters, not with poor lighting, but the use of the woods in an upstate location, with all the effects of shadows from the woods. It had been just fitting, since it elicits fear and apprehension as to what lies beyond what is seen.
The musical score and the sound effects would have to be haunting and scary of course, since the film is a psychological thriller adapted from a story written by America's King of Horror.
Very cool colors dominate the film's overall appearance, depicting the clammy and cold climate and of murder and death.
ABCO2 - A
Reaction Paper on the Movie "Secret Window" (David Koepp)
The movie features a case of Dissociative Identity Disorder, occuring under the influence of liquor (Jack Daniels in the movie). Mort Rainey is a short story writer suffering from a mental block who got visited by a man named Shooter claiming to have been plagiarized by him in the story "Secret Window," bringing his own manuscript. In his struggle to prove his innocence against the plagiarism complain and at the same time trying to know more about Shooter whom he believes is out of his mind, he finds his private investigator and neighbor (who is a witness to the existence of Shooter) murdered before their meeting about Shooter. He disposes of the bodies into the river nearby, afraid that these murders would be labeled his.
Furthermore, Rainey believes that Shooter is sent by his ex-wife Amy's lover Ted to terrorize him and sign the divorce papers. Amy's house burns to the ground, and Rainey relates to authorities Shooter's harrassment so they have an arson suspect.
The magazine into which Rainey's version of the story arrives via UPS, and he realizes that the pages with "Secret Window" in it had been torn. Later, he realizes that Shooter is a make-believe persona trapped within him and is released with the help of alcohol. He also remembers everything he did unconsiously like killing the neighbor and the investigator and burning Amy's house. Amy goes over to his house and Rainey kills her and Ted who follows after Amy. He buries them as said in the last part of "Secret Window," plants a corn garden on it, and eats of the grain to slowly eradicate evidence. He gets back to normal, and the local sheriff comes over and tells him that he is aware of Rainey's doings, only without enough proofs. He just relates to the sheriff about the ending of the "Secret Window."
Technicals
Being a Stephen King adaptation movie, the setting would more likely be filled with mist and murky river waters, not with poor lighting, but the use of the woods in an upstate location, with all the effects of shadows from the woods. It had been just fitting, since it elicits fear and apprehension as to what lies beyond what is seen.
The musical score and the sound effects would have to be haunting and scary of course, since the film is a psychological thriller adapted from a story written by America's King of Horror.
Very cool colors dominate the film's overall appearance, depicting the clammy and cold climate and of murder and death.
Tuesday, September 8, 2009
DETROIT NEWS: AN A-Z Britney Spears article at http://detnews.com/article/20090903/ENT04/909030303/1424/ENT04/An-A-Z-look-at-Britney-Spears
Alexander, Jason: Spears married her childhood friend -- not to be confused with the "Seinfeld" actor -- in a surprise Vegas wedding in January 2004, only to have the marriage annulled 55 hours later.
Baby: The most reoccurring word in Britney's lyrics, most famously heard in "...Baby One More Time," which opens with her signature, "Oh bay-buh, bay-buh."
"Crossroads" : Britney's 2002 film earned Spears Worst Actress honors at the Razzie Awards.
Diet: Seemingly consists of Cheetos, Red Bulls and Frappuccinos, though she somehow keeps her bikini bod in shape. (Did you see her on Letterman last month? Yowza!)
"Everytime": Spears' most touching ballad is accompanied by an eerie video in which she foresees her death at the hands of the paparazzi (scary!), and she shacks up in a Vegas penthouse with Stephen Dorff (scarier!).
Federline, Kevin: Britney's ex-husband and the father of her two children. The wannabe rapper also co-starred with Spears in the short-lived reality TV disaster "Britney & Kevin: Chaotic."
Gum-snapping: Brit was criticized for incessantly snapping her Trident during her monumentally ill-informed sit-down interview with Matt Lauer in 2006.
"How I Met Your Mother": Britney's well-received 2008 guest turn on the CBS sitcom was one of the first steps in rebuilding her career in the wake of her nearly career-killing appearance at the 2007 VMAs.
Implants: A 2008 Rolling Stone report alleged Brit underwent breast enhancement surgery while she was a teen, but later had her implants removed.
Justin Timberlake: Timberlake and Spears were the teen pop-power couple at the turn of the millennium. Her alleged tryst with choreographer Wade Robson led to their split and inspired one of Timberlake's biggest hits, "Cry Me a River."
Karate Kid: In the 2008 documentary "Britney: For the Record," Spears left us with this memorable parting line: "I go through life like a Karate Kid." Ralph Macchio would be proud.
Louisiana: The state that gave us hot sauce, jazz and yes, Britney Spears.
Mr. Clean: The look Britney was apparently going for when she shaved her head in early 2007.
"New Mickey Mouse Club": Where Britney got her start in 1993, alongside castmates Timberlake, Christina Aguilera and Ryan Gosling.
"Oops! I Did It Again ": The title of Britney's sophomore album gave lazy journalists everywhere an easy one-liner every time she made a mistake (or, even better, followed it up with another mistake).
Python: The type of snake Spears seductively danced with during her performance of "I'm a Slave 4 U" at the 2001 MTV Video Music Awards.
Queen of Pop: A title usually reserved for Madonna but sometimes given to Spears. It's cool: The two are friends and collaborated on the single "Me Against the Music."
Rehab: Where Spears landed three days after she shaved her head.
"Saturday Night Live": Spears was the youngest person to ever appear as both host and musical guest when she did double duty in 2000 at the age of 18.
"Toxic": This 2004 single was one of Britney's most well-received songs, and earned Spears her first Grammy (for Best Dance Recording).
Umbrella: An enraged (and bald!) Spears' weapon of choice when she attacked a paparazzo in 2007.
Ventilation issues: What the Spears camp blamed when Britney cut a performance short in Vancouver earlier this year, after clouds of marijuana smoke from the crowd allegedly hung over the stage during the concert.
"Where have I been?": A question Britney poses in a leaked YouTube video, where an inquiry about the theatrical release of the little-seen junkie drama "Spun" leads to the revelation, "I feel like I've been missing out on life, like things, and things going on."
X-rated: The best way to describe the series of widely circulated paparazzi pics of Britney exiting vehicles, sans underpants, in 2006-2007.
Yahoo: The online search engine has listed Britney Spears as its most-searched topic of the year every year since 2005.
Zone: It's what she was in on her 2003 album "In the Zone."
Baby: The most reoccurring word in Britney's lyrics, most famously heard in "...Baby One More Time," which opens with her signature, "Oh bay-buh, bay-buh."
"Crossroads" : Britney's 2002 film earned Spears Worst Actress honors at the Razzie Awards.
Diet: Seemingly consists of Cheetos, Red Bulls and Frappuccinos, though she somehow keeps her bikini bod in shape. (Did you see her on Letterman last month? Yowza!)
"Everytime": Spears' most touching ballad is accompanied by an eerie video in which she foresees her death at the hands of the paparazzi (scary!), and she shacks up in a Vegas penthouse with Stephen Dorff (scarier!).
Federline, Kevin: Britney's ex-husband and the father of her two children. The wannabe rapper also co-starred with Spears in the short-lived reality TV disaster "Britney & Kevin: Chaotic."
Gum-snapping: Brit was criticized for incessantly snapping her Trident during her monumentally ill-informed sit-down interview with Matt Lauer in 2006.
"How I Met Your Mother": Britney's well-received 2008 guest turn on the CBS sitcom was one of the first steps in rebuilding her career in the wake of her nearly career-killing appearance at the 2007 VMAs.
Implants: A 2008 Rolling Stone report alleged Brit underwent breast enhancement surgery while she was a teen, but later had her implants removed.
Justin Timberlake: Timberlake and Spears were the teen pop-power couple at the turn of the millennium. Her alleged tryst with choreographer Wade Robson led to their split and inspired one of Timberlake's biggest hits, "Cry Me a River."
Karate Kid: In the 2008 documentary "Britney: For the Record," Spears left us with this memorable parting line: "I go through life like a Karate Kid." Ralph Macchio would be proud.
Louisiana: The state that gave us hot sauce, jazz and yes, Britney Spears.
Mr. Clean: The look Britney was apparently going for when she shaved her head in early 2007.
"New Mickey Mouse Club": Where Britney got her start in 1993, alongside castmates Timberlake, Christina Aguilera and Ryan Gosling.
"Oops! I Did It Again ": The title of Britney's sophomore album gave lazy journalists everywhere an easy one-liner every time she made a mistake (or, even better, followed it up with another mistake).
Python: The type of snake Spears seductively danced with during her performance of "I'm a Slave 4 U" at the 2001 MTV Video Music Awards.
Queen of Pop: A title usually reserved for Madonna but sometimes given to Spears. It's cool: The two are friends and collaborated on the single "Me Against the Music."
Rehab: Where Spears landed three days after she shaved her head.
"Saturday Night Live": Spears was the youngest person to ever appear as both host and musical guest when she did double duty in 2000 at the age of 18.
"Toxic": This 2004 single was one of Britney's most well-received songs, and earned Spears her first Grammy (for Best Dance Recording).
Umbrella: An enraged (and bald!) Spears' weapon of choice when she attacked a paparazzo in 2007.
Ventilation issues: What the Spears camp blamed when Britney cut a performance short in Vancouver earlier this year, after clouds of marijuana smoke from the crowd allegedly hung over the stage during the concert.
"Where have I been?": A question Britney poses in a leaked YouTube video, where an inquiry about the theatrical release of the little-seen junkie drama "Spun" leads to the revelation, "I feel like I've been missing out on life, like things, and things going on."
X-rated: The best way to describe the series of widely circulated paparazzi pics of Britney exiting vehicles, sans underpants, in 2006-2007.
Yahoo: The online search engine has listed Britney Spears as its most-searched topic of the year every year since 2005.
Zone: It's what she was in on her 2003 album "In the Zone."
Sunday, August 23, 2009
Write-Up for the Magazine
Name
Job-venue Magazine: It is a combination of the words "Job" and "Avenue." Going along the likes of jobstreet, job-venue can also be "venue for jobs," -a venue for job hunting. But it is more closely related by the editor to "job + avenue," like that of La Salle Ave.NEWS.
Scope
This issue, as instructed, will feature the interests of 22-25 year-olds, no matter where they are. The editor decided that since the age bracket given comprises of fresh graduates, the magazine will feature job-hunting as the next step into conquering their lives. It gives tips on selecting jobs that pay as much as they want, impress the hiring department of their chosen company, survive their first day, get something from the biggest companies and many more. It is a helpful medium of landing a first job.
Issue Frequency
For starters, the editor decided on a bimonthly basis, which will result in 6 issues annually. At the end of the year, the issues will be gathered to produce a hardbound compilation of all the year's issues. A separate cover for the background will be produced together with a binding theme for all the issues in it.
Price
The paper is sold at 85 pesos per copy. Prices are subject to change without prior notice.
Affiliates
The magazine will have an online affiliate which will have the articles published in the magazine in it. It is located on the world wide web at jimaustintolentino.blogspot.com, the official blog website of the editor.
The magazine will also be participating in job fairs, offering assistance to job-hunters and covering the said events for publication.
Job-venue Magazine: It is a combination of the words "Job" and "Avenue." Going along the likes of jobstreet, job-venue can also be "venue for jobs," -a venue for job hunting. But it is more closely related by the editor to "job + avenue," like that of La Salle Ave.NEWS.
Scope
This issue, as instructed, will feature the interests of 22-25 year-olds, no matter where they are. The editor decided that since the age bracket given comprises of fresh graduates, the magazine will feature job-hunting as the next step into conquering their lives. It gives tips on selecting jobs that pay as much as they want, impress the hiring department of their chosen company, survive their first day, get something from the biggest companies and many more. It is a helpful medium of landing a first job.
Issue Frequency
For starters, the editor decided on a bimonthly basis, which will result in 6 issues annually. At the end of the year, the issues will be gathered to produce a hardbound compilation of all the year's issues. A separate cover for the background will be produced together with a binding theme for all the issues in it.
Price
The paper is sold at 85 pesos per copy. Prices are subject to change without prior notice.
Affiliates
The magazine will have an online affiliate which will have the articles published in the magazine in it. It is located on the world wide web at jimaustintolentino.blogspot.com, the official blog website of the editor.
The magazine will also be participating in job fairs, offering assistance to job-hunters and covering the said events for publication.
Editorial Notes
A Maiden Issue is a first. Don't we just love the word first - and all the benefits it can give? You're first on the line, you get the first service. First on the list, you're on top. First honors, and you're the brightest among the group. But as in all aspects of life, it has disadvantages. Firsts can be the experiments. The maiden voyage of the Titanic went down. If you're first, there's probably a second (if you know what I mean...)
But the word first can also connote freshness, and with freshness comes quality. And with quality comes a standard, a standard by which people can rally around. We don't claim to be superior, we are a magazine that aims to help people start out. Everything can be first in this part of one's life. Maybe the first job interview, the first time out of school as a fresh graduate, first time independent after two decades under one's parents' custody, first paycheck - everything seems to be new and exciting.
It is this time that one sees the world with a different set of eyes, that is, a different viewpoint. One's view is no longer obstructed or influenced by those who used to be over him. He governs himself now, and we'll help take him there.
But the word first can also connote freshness, and with freshness comes quality. And with quality comes a standard, a standard by which people can rally around. We don't claim to be superior, we are a magazine that aims to help people start out. Everything can be first in this part of one's life. Maybe the first job interview, the first time out of school as a fresh graduate, first time independent after two decades under one's parents' custody, first paycheck - everything seems to be new and exciting.
It is this time that one sees the world with a different set of eyes, that is, a different viewpoint. One's view is no longer obstructed or influenced by those who used to be over him. He governs himself now, and we'll help take him there.
Saturday, August 22, 2009
Scholarly Essay for MidTerm
University of Saint La Salle
Bacolod City
College of Arts and Sciences
Department of Mass Communications
A Scholarly Essay in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in MC 103: Communication Values and Ethics
TOLENTINO, Jim Austin M.
ABCO2 - A
Mass Media Influence
Advancement of technology elevates the influence of media. First is the telegraph, but now there are broadcast media by way of the radio, the newspaper, magazines, television and now the internet, in which the society depends on information and communication to move forward with work, entertainment, health care, education, personal relationships, traveling and anything else.
The average person reads the newspaper, watches the morning news, or logs on to the internet upon waking up. People's lifestyles are based on the facts they know, their assumptions and their own experiences. Work goes along with what is studied and experienced. However current news and facts about what is important and what people should be aware of for they to live their lives by are obtained from news.
Images of violence, advertising, sex, fame and much more are being fed by the media everyday. The local media scene is dominated by the biggest media organizations in the Philippines like: ABS-CBN, GMA, Manila Bulletin, Philippine Daily Inquirer and Philippine Star
Because of acquisitions, mergers and takeovers, media companies had grown large enough to really shape and influence the masses.
Media influence spending preferences, as people buy things media say to be good and worth it. Media organizations, especially advertising firms, earn millions from the manufacturers with the media campaigns they create. Teenagers buy what they see on TV, especially after testimonials from their favorite celebrities. However, there still are positive and negative influences on the young.
For example, physical exercises together with proper diets, as the "in" thing to do to get the celebrities' curves are good influences for the young people. However it can't be helped that the cigarette industry just has to use famous celebrities to promote their products, so teens also get influenced with smoking.
How movie and television stars look is the epitome of a successful life among many teenagers. Their maintained good looks, together with the money they earn, is a good thing to look up to. So teenagers tend to wear the clothes the stars wear, use the things the stars use, and move like the stars would. They buy the products promoted by the celebrities to be accepted by their peers.
To get killer figures, health issues also abound among teenagers, especially anorexia and obesity which media advocacies also fight against. Media advertises food, sometimes junk food, but it also imparts that being thin and wealthy is a good image as that of supermodels.
Children are most receptive among all sorts of media consumers, being young and uneducated. They can go as bad as being traumatized by seeing people hurt other people on the television. They sometimes see wars depicted in movies, still labeled entertainment, but what they need to know is that everybody loses when there are wars.
Media can shape how the public thinks about an issue. Facts gathered often change the perception of a person.
The public supported the war against terrorism after the lengthy coverages on the 9/11 attack. After exposing Bin Laden to be guilty, people had been more conscious about the effects of terrorism. Unfortunately, but still truly, many Americans had been hostile and unfriendly to the muslims because of all the things they have heard over the media as to beliefs and prophecies mentioned in the Q'uran about the United States.
Media also influence the polity, since it uses media as the most powerful tool to sell good deeds of the officials as well as election candidates. The visibility of the candidates and the public officials brings success into their political careers. It gives them more popularity, if they and their projects get more exposed by way of media coverage.
The things mentioned above focus on media influence. But putting that and everything else aside and going back to the basics of life, how people influence other people with their actions really do count. Are we, as suppliers of content, with the understanding of the influence we have over the audience, practice our professions with dignity and respect? It is with the upholding of good values that we create a positive influence among our consumers. With good example, we help build character and restore what was previously good. Otherwise, we can destroy, exploit or abuse our power and create a negative influence to add to the destruction of what little we have left.
Reference
Abdulwasea, M. (2008). Influence of mass media on societies. Yemen Times, Issue: (1168), Volume 16, June 30, 2008 to July 2, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2009, from http://yementimes.com/article.shtml?i=1168&p=opinion&a=3
Bacolod City
College of Arts and Sciences
Department of Mass Communications
A Scholarly Essay in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in MC 103: Communication Values and Ethics
TOLENTINO, Jim Austin M.
ABCO2 - A
Mass Media Influence
Advancement of technology elevates the influence of media. First is the telegraph, but now there are broadcast media by way of the radio, the newspaper, magazines, television and now the internet, in which the society depends on information and communication to move forward with work, entertainment, health care, education, personal relationships, traveling and anything else.
The average person reads the newspaper, watches the morning news, or logs on to the internet upon waking up. People's lifestyles are based on the facts they know, their assumptions and their own experiences. Work goes along with what is studied and experienced. However current news and facts about what is important and what people should be aware of for they to live their lives by are obtained from news.
Images of violence, advertising, sex, fame and much more are being fed by the media everyday. The local media scene is dominated by the biggest media organizations in the Philippines like: ABS-CBN, GMA, Manila Bulletin, Philippine Daily Inquirer and Philippine Star
Because of acquisitions, mergers and takeovers, media companies had grown large enough to really shape and influence the masses.
Media influence spending preferences, as people buy things media say to be good and worth it. Media organizations, especially advertising firms, earn millions from the manufacturers with the media campaigns they create. Teenagers buy what they see on TV, especially after testimonials from their favorite celebrities. However, there still are positive and negative influences on the young.
For example, physical exercises together with proper diets, as the "in" thing to do to get the celebrities' curves are good influences for the young people. However it can't be helped that the cigarette industry just has to use famous celebrities to promote their products, so teens also get influenced with smoking.
How movie and television stars look is the epitome of a successful life among many teenagers. Their maintained good looks, together with the money they earn, is a good thing to look up to. So teenagers tend to wear the clothes the stars wear, use the things the stars use, and move like the stars would. They buy the products promoted by the celebrities to be accepted by their peers.
To get killer figures, health issues also abound among teenagers, especially anorexia and obesity which media advocacies also fight against. Media advertises food, sometimes junk food, but it also imparts that being thin and wealthy is a good image as that of supermodels.
Children are most receptive among all sorts of media consumers, being young and uneducated. They can go as bad as being traumatized by seeing people hurt other people on the television. They sometimes see wars depicted in movies, still labeled entertainment, but what they need to know is that everybody loses when there are wars.
Media can shape how the public thinks about an issue. Facts gathered often change the perception of a person.
The public supported the war against terrorism after the lengthy coverages on the 9/11 attack. After exposing Bin Laden to be guilty, people had been more conscious about the effects of terrorism. Unfortunately, but still truly, many Americans had been hostile and unfriendly to the muslims because of all the things they have heard over the media as to beliefs and prophecies mentioned in the Q'uran about the United States.
Media also influence the polity, since it uses media as the most powerful tool to sell good deeds of the officials as well as election candidates. The visibility of the candidates and the public officials brings success into their political careers. It gives them more popularity, if they and their projects get more exposed by way of media coverage.
The things mentioned above focus on media influence. But putting that and everything else aside and going back to the basics of life, how people influence other people with their actions really do count. Are we, as suppliers of content, with the understanding of the influence we have over the audience, practice our professions with dignity and respect? It is with the upholding of good values that we create a positive influence among our consumers. With good example, we help build character and restore what was previously good. Otherwise, we can destroy, exploit or abuse our power and create a negative influence to add to the destruction of what little we have left.
Reference
Abdulwasea, M. (2008). Influence of mass media on societies. Yemen Times, Issue: (1168), Volume 16, June 30, 2008 to July 2, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2009, from http://yementimes.com/article.shtml?i=1168&p=opinion&a=3
Friday, August 21, 2009
Scholarly Paper for Midterm
ABSTRACT
This paper talks of the influence of mass media to society's ethical actions. The influences studied vary according to which aspects of the society is influenced by the media content fed to the consumers by the media providers. There is the influence on the youth, which is the main concern of the study, as the student himself is under this age category; effects on children, who are the most vunerable and receptive of all media consumers, being unable to discern among different sorts of media content; how it affects the workplace and its people, as they run the society's affairs vital to its survival; the polity which can generate waves of media interest through its activities regarding governance; how beneficial or dexstructive it can be to education and many others. It will also talk of ethical issues and concepts regarding the influences it has on the society, and the useful suggestions on making ethical decisions that will, ultimately, affect the social activities of the community.
MASS MEDIA INFLUENCE ON SOCIETY
Media plays an important role in the everyday affairs of the society. It intrudes on every move made by every member of the society. Every action and decision made by individuals are usually based on the content they get from media. Sometimes, with technological difficulties wherein media is sometimes barred from entering the home or the workplace, the human is completely lost in confusion, and he craves for some media content to go on with his work and life. (Burtina, 2005)
Burtina (2005) goes on to say that even though the experiences people have had shape their decisions and actions, commercial advertisements influence a lot of other aspects of a person's life. Economically, people spend for what they see to be good on TV, newspaper or radio advertisements, and it affects the youth most especially. They tend to go after what they see on the celebrities they idolize, so they buy everything they see the celebrities endorse. They become superficial and self-conscious because they see the celebrities as role models.
Media evolved from the most crude of technologies fifty years ago from the telegraph, the radio, newspapers, magazines, the television and now the internet in which we rely on to be bases of how we live.
We trust the media to give us content to help us along with whatever we need to do. The average person reads the paper or watch the TV before he even does anything upon waking up. We are soncerned about the weather, national economical status, the lives of our favorite sports or showbiz celebrities and many others that we rely on media content for.
Romantic relationships are common in various media content with storylines such as film, TV and theater. They lure the audiences using their own human inclinations to affection.
How does this go in accordance to everyday life? In a college survey, 60% said that mass media does not accurately portray their romantic relationships. However, 90% said that the media does influence their perception of romance.
There had been a dramatic increase on the portrayal of romance on media content throught the ages. In her book titled Consuming the Romantic Utopia, Eva Illouz says:
"Until the middle of the 1920s middle class magazines tended to espouse a conservative, Victorian consumer ethos congruent with family oriented ideals and values. As magazines came to adopt the flamboyant style of the working class? the romantic manner in which they portrayed couples dramatically increased."
How Mass Media Influence Works
Images of violence, advertising, sex, fame and much more are being fed by the media everyday. The local media scene is dominated by the biggest media organizations in the Philippines like:
ABS-CBN
GMA
Manila Bulletin
Philippine Daily Inquirer
Philippine Star
These media organizations give majority of the everyday supply of content. They own the major entertainment movie studios, television and radio broadcast networks and programing and video news and sports entertainment, but they also venture to telecommunications, video game softwares, music recordings and electronic media.
Because of acquisitions, mergers and takeovers, media companies had grown large enough to really shape and influence the masses. This power they exude gives consumers the accountability of responsibility over the media content the consume.
On The Youth
Teen sex is a “major public health problem” according to the American Academy of Pediatrics (Hart). Teen sexual activity, together with its working with a person's dimensions and all the complications result in difficult teen issues like early pregnancy, STDs and others. Media influences teens' emotional well-being with their content, resulting in physical difficulties. For example, unrealistic body images as that of animated shows or skinny models develop in teens an urgent, burning desire to be just like that. Unhealthy eating beaviors manifest in teen lifestyles, especially to the girls in attempts to get the celebrity image they want.
This kind of influence used to be assigned to family and social relationships, but it is undeniable that teens learn about society and sexual relationships from visual media images portraying body types, clothing, and other cultural norms portayed by media content. Media can command natural-sounding norms and enforce new ways of thinking unimaginable in the past.
According to Hart, prefer to see sexual material from media than ask of it from their parents. In a study of prime-time television shows popular among young viewers, sexual references accounted for as much as 50% of character interactions. These programs tend to portray sex as a recreation rather than its essence of reproduction among married people and further shows men to be aggressors of the women which, as shown by these shows, are objects of sex valued for the physiques.
Hart further states that MTV used to bring music videos as additional entertainment to what was just once pure music. But the music videos allowed the artists, musicians and video creators to add more to the music than what it just is by the visuals they experiment on. What would have been a simple song can be transformed into a dance phenomenon because of the video created to promote it. With this means, sex had been added to entice the viewers, which is primarily the youth to focus more on the acts seen than on the music playing with it. Instead of helping the audience understand the song and its message, the videos tend to divert the attention of the viewers. Furthermore, even the music itself at present uses sex to sell itself. Sexually explicit lyrics, together with a provocative video make commercialized sex available to just about everyone.
Video games, TV shows and movies, music and Web sites are sources of news content that is never without stories of violence from all around the world. These messages largely shape the imagination of the youth, as they, as readers and spectators share the experience.
Cause-and-effect situations prevail in this context. Most media content also show consequences of the actions, but the actions had still been done and shown. A student need not necessarily start shooting people in school because he saw some shooting in campus from a movie he saw, but the effect is there, imprinted in his mind. (Malcolm, 2009)
Malcolm quotes Sr. Elizabeth Thoman, a member of the Sisters of the Humility of Mary and executive director of the Center for Media Literacy in Los Angeles, California as saying, “The impact may not be on potential perpetrators, but on the rest of the population, who begin to believe that violence is inevitable, that crime is everywhere and that they must be afraid.” Thoman’s center produces media literacy programs for schools across the country.
USA President Clinton convened a summit and promised an ongoing national campaign against youth violence, while USA Vice President Al Gore announced a new agreement with on-line providers to restrict violent material, changes that would “honor the lives of those who were killed.”
Entertainment executives defend their products by saying that it would take an already disturbed person to act out the shooting he saw on TV or the shooting he did in a video game as a first person shooter to real life and kill real people.
Media affects health, not just on the young, but everybody. Media organizations, especially advertising firms, earn millions from the manufacturers with the media campaigns they create. Teenagers buy what they see on TV, especially after testimonials from their favorite celebrities.
There are positive and negative effects of media advertisements on the youth. For example, physical exercises together with proper diets, as the "in" thing to do to get the celebrities' curves are good influences for the young people. However it can't be helped that the cigarette industry just has to use famous celebrities to promote their products, so teens also get influenced with smoking.
How movie and television stars look is the epitome of a successful life among many teenagers. Their maintained good looks, together with the money they earn, is a good thing to look up to. So teenagers tend to wear the clothes the stars wear, use the things the stars use, and move like the stars would. They buy the products promoted by the celebrities to be accepted by their peers.
To get killer figures, health issues also abound among teenagers, especially anorexia and obesity which some media advocacies also fight against. Media advertises food, sometimes junk food, but it also imparts that being thin and wealthy is a good image as that of supermodels.
Children
First-graders as critics
Robinson has found the most receptive audiences in very young children. Even children in older grades already have their viewing patterns established, she said. “I’m finding the first-graders to be incredibly astute at looking at their shows and critiquing them,” Robinson said.
Robinson noted how the children at St. Philip’s have carried their newfound media skills into their homes. They are encouraged to see critiquing the media as a way of taking care of their younger brothers and sisters -- “to see this as a collective responsibility,” she said.
The children are also bringing the message back to their parents. “There are some parents struggling with their own issues with media, and this is part of the very emotional response I get at times,” Robinson said. She said one mother told of how her elementary school-age daughter challenged her father’s preference for action films, leading to dialogue about the violence in the movies he was bringing home.
Many parents are naive about what messages their children are receiving, said Robinson, a mother of three children in their late teens and early 20s. “All TV, all movies are educational,” she said. “What are they learning? If you step back and look critically, some of the messages are very frightening. ... Violence is entertaining, sex is no big deal, the more things I have the happier I’ll be -- those are the three big messages I see.”
Robinson recalled a lesson she gave to a third-grade class at another parochial school. When she brought up video games, “two boys way in the back jumped up and machine-gunned the class,” she said. “The response was strong and automatic and violent. That was part of their favorite video game.”
She questioned media leaders who say that the violent entertainment they produce has no effect. “In that half-hour program there are 25 commercials -- because media is an effective way to sell things,” she said. “So how can they say they’re not selling violence as entertainment, as fun, as funny?”
In late April, the Center for Media Literacy launched a Web site funded by grants from religious communities and devoted to the topic of violence and the media (www.medialit.org/Violence/indexviol.htm). The center was “literally in the midst of uploading pages” when the story from Littleton broke, Thoman said. The stories of the killers’ media influences -- music, video games and the Internet -- began to hit the newscasts, and the latest round of public debate fired up again.
Thoman has not seen the nature of that debate change much since 1993, when the center launched a campaign on media violence. “After the Littleton experience, we still hear the same questions -- does watching violence cause violence?” she said.
References
Abdulwasea, M. Yemen Times Issue: (1168), Volume 16 , From 30 June 2008 to 2 July 2008 Retrieved August 22, 2009 from http://yementimes.com/article.shtml?i=1168&p=opinion&a=3
Burtina, Tatyana December 8 2005. Media Influence in our society. Retrieved August 22, 2009) from http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/13871/media_influence_in_our_society.html
Clay, R.A. Volume 34, No. 2 February 2003 Unraveling new media's effects on children
Retrieved August 22, 2009 from http://www.apa.org/monitor/feb03/unraveling.html
Hart, E.M. (n.d.) Teens, Sex and Media: The Influence of Electronic Entertainment on American Teen Sexual Culture: A Reason to Revive Rhetoric in English Teacher Education Programs. Retrieved August 22, 2009 from http://www.frankwbaker.com/MediaLitEd.pdf
Malcolm, Teresa. May 28, 1999. Teen Violence: Does violent media make violent kids? Retrieved August 22, 2009 from http://www.natcath.com/NCR_Online/archives/052899/052899a.htm
Mass Media Influence on Society. Retrieved August 22, 2009 from http://hubpages.com/hub/Mass-Media-Influence-on-Society
Mass Media Influences. Retrieved August 22, 2009 from http://www.lcc.gatech.edu/~herrington/gcp/Ethnology/media_ethn.htm
This paper talks of the influence of mass media to society's ethical actions. The influences studied vary according to which aspects of the society is influenced by the media content fed to the consumers by the media providers. There is the influence on the youth, which is the main concern of the study, as the student himself is under this age category; effects on children, who are the most vunerable and receptive of all media consumers, being unable to discern among different sorts of media content; how it affects the workplace and its people, as they run the society's affairs vital to its survival; the polity which can generate waves of media interest through its activities regarding governance; how beneficial or dexstructive it can be to education and many others. It will also talk of ethical issues and concepts regarding the influences it has on the society, and the useful suggestions on making ethical decisions that will, ultimately, affect the social activities of the community.
MASS MEDIA INFLUENCE ON SOCIETY
Media plays an important role in the everyday affairs of the society. It intrudes on every move made by every member of the society. Every action and decision made by individuals are usually based on the content they get from media. Sometimes, with technological difficulties wherein media is sometimes barred from entering the home or the workplace, the human is completely lost in confusion, and he craves for some media content to go on with his work and life. (Burtina, 2005)
Burtina (2005) goes on to say that even though the experiences people have had shape their decisions and actions, commercial advertisements influence a lot of other aspects of a person's life. Economically, people spend for what they see to be good on TV, newspaper or radio advertisements, and it affects the youth most especially. They tend to go after what they see on the celebrities they idolize, so they buy everything they see the celebrities endorse. They become superficial and self-conscious because they see the celebrities as role models.
Media evolved from the most crude of technologies fifty years ago from the telegraph, the radio, newspapers, magazines, the television and now the internet in which we rely on to be bases of how we live.
We trust the media to give us content to help us along with whatever we need to do. The average person reads the paper or watch the TV before he even does anything upon waking up. We are soncerned about the weather, national economical status, the lives of our favorite sports or showbiz celebrities and many others that we rely on media content for.
Romantic relationships are common in various media content with storylines such as film, TV and theater. They lure the audiences using their own human inclinations to affection.
How does this go in accordance to everyday life? In a college survey, 60% said that mass media does not accurately portray their romantic relationships. However, 90% said that the media does influence their perception of romance.
There had been a dramatic increase on the portrayal of romance on media content throught the ages. In her book titled Consuming the Romantic Utopia, Eva Illouz says:
"Until the middle of the 1920s middle class magazines tended to espouse a conservative, Victorian consumer ethos congruent with family oriented ideals and values. As magazines came to adopt the flamboyant style of the working class? the romantic manner in which they portrayed couples dramatically increased."
How Mass Media Influence Works
Images of violence, advertising, sex, fame and much more are being fed by the media everyday. The local media scene is dominated by the biggest media organizations in the Philippines like:
ABS-CBN
GMA
Manila Bulletin
Philippine Daily Inquirer
Philippine Star
These media organizations give majority of the everyday supply of content. They own the major entertainment movie studios, television and radio broadcast networks and programing and video news and sports entertainment, but they also venture to telecommunications, video game softwares, music recordings and electronic media.
Because of acquisitions, mergers and takeovers, media companies had grown large enough to really shape and influence the masses. This power they exude gives consumers the accountability of responsibility over the media content the consume.
On The Youth
Teen sex is a “major public health problem” according to the American Academy of Pediatrics (Hart). Teen sexual activity, together with its working with a person's dimensions and all the complications result in difficult teen issues like early pregnancy, STDs and others. Media influences teens' emotional well-being with their content, resulting in physical difficulties. For example, unrealistic body images as that of animated shows or skinny models develop in teens an urgent, burning desire to be just like that. Unhealthy eating beaviors manifest in teen lifestyles, especially to the girls in attempts to get the celebrity image they want.
This kind of influence used to be assigned to family and social relationships, but it is undeniable that teens learn about society and sexual relationships from visual media images portraying body types, clothing, and other cultural norms portayed by media content. Media can command natural-sounding norms and enforce new ways of thinking unimaginable in the past.
According to Hart, prefer to see sexual material from media than ask of it from their parents. In a study of prime-time television shows popular among young viewers, sexual references accounted for as much as 50% of character interactions. These programs tend to portray sex as a recreation rather than its essence of reproduction among married people and further shows men to be aggressors of the women which, as shown by these shows, are objects of sex valued for the physiques.
Hart further states that MTV used to bring music videos as additional entertainment to what was just once pure music. But the music videos allowed the artists, musicians and video creators to add more to the music than what it just is by the visuals they experiment on. What would have been a simple song can be transformed into a dance phenomenon because of the video created to promote it. With this means, sex had been added to entice the viewers, which is primarily the youth to focus more on the acts seen than on the music playing with it. Instead of helping the audience understand the song and its message, the videos tend to divert the attention of the viewers. Furthermore, even the music itself at present uses sex to sell itself. Sexually explicit lyrics, together with a provocative video make commercialized sex available to just about everyone.
Video games, TV shows and movies, music and Web sites are sources of news content that is never without stories of violence from all around the world. These messages largely shape the imagination of the youth, as they, as readers and spectators share the experience.
Cause-and-effect situations prevail in this context. Most media content also show consequences of the actions, but the actions had still been done and shown. A student need not necessarily start shooting people in school because he saw some shooting in campus from a movie he saw, but the effect is there, imprinted in his mind. (Malcolm, 2009)
Malcolm quotes Sr. Elizabeth Thoman, a member of the Sisters of the Humility of Mary and executive director of the Center for Media Literacy in Los Angeles, California as saying, “The impact may not be on potential perpetrators, but on the rest of the population, who begin to believe that violence is inevitable, that crime is everywhere and that they must be afraid.” Thoman’s center produces media literacy programs for schools across the country.
USA President Clinton convened a summit and promised an ongoing national campaign against youth violence, while USA Vice President Al Gore announced a new agreement with on-line providers to restrict violent material, changes that would “honor the lives of those who were killed.”
Entertainment executives defend their products by saying that it would take an already disturbed person to act out the shooting he saw on TV or the shooting he did in a video game as a first person shooter to real life and kill real people.
Media affects health, not just on the young, but everybody. Media organizations, especially advertising firms, earn millions from the manufacturers with the media campaigns they create. Teenagers buy what they see on TV, especially after testimonials from their favorite celebrities.
There are positive and negative effects of media advertisements on the youth. For example, physical exercises together with proper diets, as the "in" thing to do to get the celebrities' curves are good influences for the young people. However it can't be helped that the cigarette industry just has to use famous celebrities to promote their products, so teens also get influenced with smoking.
How movie and television stars look is the epitome of a successful life among many teenagers. Their maintained good looks, together with the money they earn, is a good thing to look up to. So teenagers tend to wear the clothes the stars wear, use the things the stars use, and move like the stars would. They buy the products promoted by the celebrities to be accepted by their peers.
To get killer figures, health issues also abound among teenagers, especially anorexia and obesity which some media advocacies also fight against. Media advertises food, sometimes junk food, but it also imparts that being thin and wealthy is a good image as that of supermodels.
Children
First-graders as critics
Robinson has found the most receptive audiences in very young children. Even children in older grades already have their viewing patterns established, she said. “I’m finding the first-graders to be incredibly astute at looking at their shows and critiquing them,” Robinson said.
Robinson noted how the children at St. Philip’s have carried their newfound media skills into their homes. They are encouraged to see critiquing the media as a way of taking care of their younger brothers and sisters -- “to see this as a collective responsibility,” she said.
The children are also bringing the message back to their parents. “There are some parents struggling with their own issues with media, and this is part of the very emotional response I get at times,” Robinson said. She said one mother told of how her elementary school-age daughter challenged her father’s preference for action films, leading to dialogue about the violence in the movies he was bringing home.
Many parents are naive about what messages their children are receiving, said Robinson, a mother of three children in their late teens and early 20s. “All TV, all movies are educational,” she said. “What are they learning? If you step back and look critically, some of the messages are very frightening. ... Violence is entertaining, sex is no big deal, the more things I have the happier I’ll be -- those are the three big messages I see.”
Robinson recalled a lesson she gave to a third-grade class at another parochial school. When she brought up video games, “two boys way in the back jumped up and machine-gunned the class,” she said. “The response was strong and automatic and violent. That was part of their favorite video game.”
She questioned media leaders who say that the violent entertainment they produce has no effect. “In that half-hour program there are 25 commercials -- because media is an effective way to sell things,” she said. “So how can they say they’re not selling violence as entertainment, as fun, as funny?”
In late April, the Center for Media Literacy launched a Web site funded by grants from religious communities and devoted to the topic of violence and the media (www.medialit.org/Violence/indexviol.htm). The center was “literally in the midst of uploading pages” when the story from Littleton broke, Thoman said. The stories of the killers’ media influences -- music, video games and the Internet -- began to hit the newscasts, and the latest round of public debate fired up again.
Thoman has not seen the nature of that debate change much since 1993, when the center launched a campaign on media violence. “After the Littleton experience, we still hear the same questions -- does watching violence cause violence?” she said.
References
Abdulwasea, M. Yemen Times Issue: (1168), Volume 16 , From 30 June 2008 to 2 July 2008 Retrieved August 22, 2009 from http://yementimes.com/article.shtml?i=1168&p=opinion&a=3
Burtina, Tatyana December 8 2005. Media Influence in our society. Retrieved August 22, 2009) from http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/13871/media_influence_in_our_society.html
Clay, R.A. Volume 34, No. 2 February 2003 Unraveling new media's effects on children
Retrieved August 22, 2009 from http://www.apa.org/monitor/feb03/unraveling.html
Hart, E.M. (n.d.) Teens, Sex and Media: The Influence of Electronic Entertainment on American Teen Sexual Culture: A Reason to Revive Rhetoric in English Teacher Education Programs. Retrieved August 22, 2009 from http://www.frankwbaker.com/MediaLitEd.pdf
Malcolm, Teresa. May 28, 1999. Teen Violence: Does violent media make violent kids? Retrieved August 22, 2009 from http://www.natcath.com/NCR_Online/archives/052899/052899a.htm
Mass Media Influence on Society. Retrieved August 22, 2009 from http://hubpages.com/hub/Mass-Media-Influence-on-Society
Mass Media Influences. Retrieved August 22, 2009 from http://www.lcc.gatech.edu/~herrington/gcp/Ethnology/media_ethn.htm
Mass Media Influence
Advancement of technology elevates the influence of media. First is the telegraph, but now there are broadcast media by way of the radio, the newspaper, magazines, television and now the internet, in which the society depends on information and communication to move forward with work, entertainment, health care, education, personal relationships, traveling and anything else.
The average person reads the newspaper, watches the morning news, or logs on to the internet upon waking up. People's lifestyles are based on the facts they know, their assumptions and their own experiences. Work goes along with what is studied and experienced. However current news and facts about what is important and what people should be aware of for they to live their lives by are obtained from news.
How Mass Media Influence Works
Images of violence, advertising, sex, fame and much more are being fed by the media everyday. The local media scene is dominated by the biggest media organizations in the Philippines like:
ABS-CBN
GMA
Manila Bulletin
Philippine Daily Inquirer
Philippine Star
These media organizations give majority of the everyday supply of content. They own the major entertainment movie studios, television and radio broadcast networks and programing and video news and sports entertainment, but they also venture to telecommunications, video game softwares, music recordings and electronic media.
Because of acquisitions, mergers and takeovers, media companies had grown large enough to really shape and influence the masses. This power they exude gives consumers the accountability of responsibility over the media content the consume.
The Youth
Media affects spending preferences, as people buy things media say to be good and worth it. Media organizations, especially advertising firms, earn millions from the manufacturers with the media campaigns they create. Teenagers buy what they see on TV, especially after testimonials from their favorite celebrities. However, there still are positive and negative influences on the young.
For example, physical exercises together with proper diets, as the "in" thing to do to get the celebrities' curves are good influences for the young people. However it can't be helped that the cigarette industry just has to use famous celebrities to promote their products, so teens also get influenced with smoking.
How movie and television stars look is the epitome of a successful life among many teenagers. Their maintained good looks, together with the money they earn, is a good thing to look up to. So teenagers tend to wear the clothes the stars wear, use the things the stars use, and move like the stars would. They buy the products promoted by the celebrities to be accepted by their peers.
To get killer figures, health issues also abound among teenagers, especially anorexia and obesity which media advocacies also fight against. Media advertises food, sometimes junk food, but it also imparts that being thin and wealthy is a good image as that of supermodels.
Violence
Children are most receptive among all sorts of media consumers, being young and uneducated. They go as bad as being traumatized by seeing people hurt other people on the television. They sometimes see wars depicted in movies, still labeled entertainment, but what they need to know is that everybody loses when there are wars.
Public Opinion
Media can shape how the public thinks about an issue. Facts gathered often change the perception of a person.
The public supported the war against terrorism after the lengthy coverages on the 9/11 attack. After exposing Bin Laden to be guilty, people had been more conscious about the effects of terrorism. Unfortunately, but still truly, many Americans had been hostile and unfriendly to the muslims because of all the things they have heard over the media as to beliefs and prophecies mentioned in the Q'uran about the United States.
Media also affects the polity, since it uses media as the most powerful tool to sell good deeds of the officials as well as election candidates. The visibility of the candidates and the public officials brings success into their political careers. It gives them more popularity, if they and their projects get more exposed by way of media coverage.
The things mentioned above focus on media influence. But putting that and everything else aside and going back to the basics of life, how people influence other people with their actions really do count. Ethics
this is supposed to be passed pa on the end of the month.
http://hubpages.com/hub/Mass-Media-Influence-on-Society
http://www.lcc.gatech.edu/~herrington/gcp/Ethnology/media_ethn.htm
Advancement of technology elevates the influence of media. First is the telegraph, but now there are broadcast media by way of the radio, the newspaper, magazines, television and now the internet, in which the society depends on information and communication to move forward with work, entertainment, health care, education, personal relationships, traveling and anything else.
The average person reads the newspaper, watches the morning news, or logs on to the internet upon waking up. People's lifestyles are based on the facts they know, their assumptions and their own experiences. Work goes along with what is studied and experienced. However current news and facts about what is important and what people should be aware of for they to live their lives by are obtained from news.
How Mass Media Influence Works
Images of violence, advertising, sex, fame and much more are being fed by the media everyday. The local media scene is dominated by the biggest media organizations in the Philippines like:
ABS-CBN
GMA
Manila Bulletin
Philippine Daily Inquirer
Philippine Star
These media organizations give majority of the everyday supply of content. They own the major entertainment movie studios, television and radio broadcast networks and programing and video news and sports entertainment, but they also venture to telecommunications, video game softwares, music recordings and electronic media.
Because of acquisitions, mergers and takeovers, media companies had grown large enough to really shape and influence the masses. This power they exude gives consumers the accountability of responsibility over the media content the consume.
The Youth
Media affects spending preferences, as people buy things media say to be good and worth it. Media organizations, especially advertising firms, earn millions from the manufacturers with the media campaigns they create. Teenagers buy what they see on TV, especially after testimonials from their favorite celebrities. However, there still are positive and negative influences on the young.
For example, physical exercises together with proper diets, as the "in" thing to do to get the celebrities' curves are good influences for the young people. However it can't be helped that the cigarette industry just has to use famous celebrities to promote their products, so teens also get influenced with smoking.
How movie and television stars look is the epitome of a successful life among many teenagers. Their maintained good looks, together with the money they earn, is a good thing to look up to. So teenagers tend to wear the clothes the stars wear, use the things the stars use, and move like the stars would. They buy the products promoted by the celebrities to be accepted by their peers.
To get killer figures, health issues also abound among teenagers, especially anorexia and obesity which media advocacies also fight against. Media advertises food, sometimes junk food, but it also imparts that being thin and wealthy is a good image as that of supermodels.
Violence
Children are most receptive among all sorts of media consumers, being young and uneducated. They go as bad as being traumatized by seeing people hurt other people on the television. They sometimes see wars depicted in movies, still labeled entertainment, but what they need to know is that everybody loses when there are wars.
Public Opinion
Media can shape how the public thinks about an issue. Facts gathered often change the perception of a person.
The public supported the war against terrorism after the lengthy coverages on the 9/11 attack. After exposing Bin Laden to be guilty, people had been more conscious about the effects of terrorism. Unfortunately, but still truly, many Americans had been hostile and unfriendly to the muslims because of all the things they have heard over the media as to beliefs and prophecies mentioned in the Q'uran about the United States.
Media also affects the polity, since it uses media as the most powerful tool to sell good deeds of the officials as well as election candidates. The visibility of the candidates and the public officials brings success into their political careers. It gives them more popularity, if they and their projects get more exposed by way of media coverage.
The things mentioned above focus on media influence. But putting that and everything else aside and going back to the basics of life, how people influence other people with their actions really do count. Ethics
this is supposed to be passed pa on the end of the month.
http://hubpages.com/hub/Mass-Media-Influence-on-Society
http://www.lcc.gatech.edu/~herrington/gcp/Ethnology/media_ethn.htm
Monday, August 17, 2009
Outline for the Scholarly Paper
Mass Media Influence on the Society
I. Mass Media Influence
1. How it works
a. Entertainment
b. Showbiz gossip
c. legalities
II. Effects: to the Youth
1. Influence of advertising to spending preferences
2. Positive and negative effects of advertising
3. Looking up to movie stars
4. Heath issues
a. Anorexia
b. Obesity
III. Violence (Children)
1. How they take media content
2. How the media contents shape their growth
IV. Public Opinion
1. The 9/11 attack and the socio-cultural religious issues
2. The continued fight against terrorism
3. Polity
V. Education
1. Multimedia instruction
2. Advantages and Disadvantages
VI. Conclusion
I. Mass Media Influence
1. How it works
a. Entertainment
b. Showbiz gossip
c. legalities
II. Effects: to the Youth
1. Influence of advertising to spending preferences
2. Positive and negative effects of advertising
3. Looking up to movie stars
4. Heath issues
a. Anorexia
b. Obesity
III. Violence (Children)
1. How they take media content
2. How the media contents shape their growth
IV. Public Opinion
1. The 9/11 attack and the socio-cultural religious issues
2. The continued fight against terrorism
3. Polity
V. Education
1. Multimedia instruction
2. Advantages and Disadvantages
VI. Conclusion
Thursday, August 13, 2009
Limiting our Freedom
University of Saint La Salle
Bacolod City
College of Arts and Sciences
Department of Mass Communications
TOLENTINO, Jim Austin M.
ABCO2 - A
Limiting Press Freedom
Mass media is self-regulatory. It is controlled by various media organizations and societies that govern the operations. There are codes of ethics and conduct, there is the KBP (Kapisanan ng mga Brodkaster ng Pilipinas), PPC (Philippine Press Council), which is the Ethics body of the PPI (Philippine Press Institute).
Minimize Harm by Limiting Press Freedom
According to the Society of Professional Journalists of Northwestern University, they believe, as part as their preamble that public enlightenment is the forerunner of justice and the foundation of democracy. However, they limit the extent of the obtaining and the exposure of truth to the following:
Journalists should:
— Show compassion for those who may be affected adversely by news coverage. Use special sensitivity when dealing with children and inexperienced sources or subjects.
— Be sensitive when seeking or using interviews or photographs of those affected by tragedy or grief.
— Recognize that gathering and reporting information may cause harm or discomfort. Pursuit of the news is not a license for arrogance.
— Recognize that private people have a greater right to control information about themselves than do public officials and others who seek power, influence or attention. Only an overriding public need can justify intrusion into anyone’s privacy.
— Show good taste. Avoid pandering to lurid curiosity.
— Be cautious about identifying juvenile suspects or victims of sex crimes.
— Be judicious about naming criminal suspects before the formal filing of charges.
— Balance a criminal suspect’s fair trial rights with the public’s right to be informed.
These are items coming from the Society of Professional Journalists in Northwestern University under "Minimize Harm." It gives us a view of ethical treatment of news subjects by limiting the journalistic practice to give way for respect.
Locally, there is the KBP (Kapisanan gn mga Brodkaster ng Pilipinas) Code of Ethics as a governing body among media organizations. Under General Porgram Standards in the Observance of Decency and Proper Decorum in Programs, it says: "Programs shall not use dialogues, actions and other similar manifestations which are obscene, blasphemous, profane, derogatory, or vulgar." Not just about everything one has to say about an issue. Dialogues should be screened as to maintain professionalism in decency. The same code of Ethics authorizes the MTRCB (Movie and Television Review and Classification Board), another media regulator within media itself, to approve or disapprove programs and to prosecute violators.
References
http://www.spj.org/ethicscode.asp
Arao, Danny (February 25, 2009).Uniting Against the Right to Reply Bill. Retrieved August 14, 2009 from http://risingsun.dannyarao.com/2009/02/25/uniting-against-the-right-of-reply-bill/
THE TELEVISION CODE OF ETHICS IN THE OBSERVANCE OF DECENCY AND PROPER DECORUM IN PROGRAMS; LAWS ON OFFENSES AGAINST DECENCY AND GOOD CUSTOMS; AND CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISION ON FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION Retrieved August 14, 2009, FROM http://www.congress.gov.ph/download/researches/rrb_0303_4.pdf
Mass Media Influence on Society
Mass Media Influence on the Society
Submitted by:
Jim Austin Tolentino
ABCO2 - A
Mass Media Influence
Advancement of technology elevates the influence of media. First is the telegraph, but now there are broadcast media by way of the radio, the newspaper, magazines, television and now the internet, in which the society depends on information and communication to move forward with work, entertainment, health care, education, personal relationships, traveling and anything else.
The average person reads the newspaper, watches the morning news, or logs on to the internet upon waking up. People's lifestyles are based on the facts they know, their assumptions and their own experiences. Work goes along with what is studied and experienced. However current news and facts about what is important and what people should be aware of for they to live their lives by are obtained from news.
How Mass Media Influence Works
Images of violence, advertising, sex, fame and much more are being fed by the media everyday. The local media scene is dominated by the biggest media organizations in the Philippines like:
ABS-CBN
GMA
Manila Bulletin
Philippine Daily Inquirer
Philippine Star
These media organizations give majority of the everyday supply of content. They own the major entertainment movie studios, television and radio broadcast networks and programing and video news and sports entertainment, but they also venture to telecommunications, video game softwares, music recordings and electronic media.
Because of acquisitions, mergers and takeovers, media companies had grown large enough to really shape and influence the masses. This power they exude gives consumers the accountability of responsibility over the media content the consume.
The Youth
Media affects spending preferences, as people buy things media say to be good and worth it. Media organizations, especially advertising firms, earn millions from the manufacturers with the media campaigns they create. Teenagers buy what they see on TV, especially after testimonials from their favorite celebrities. However, there still are positive and negative influences on the young.
For example, physical exercises together with proper diets, as the "in" thing to do to get the celebrities' curves are good influences for the young people. However it can't be helped that the cigarette industry just has to use famous celebrities to promote their products, so teens also get influenced with smoking.
How movie and television stars look is the epitome of a successful life among many teenagers. Their maintained good looks, together with the money they earn, is a good thing to look up to. So teenagers tend to wear the clothes the stars wear, use the things the stars use, and move like the stars would. They buy the products promoted by the celebrities to be accepted by their peers.
To get killer figures, health issues also abound among teenagers, especially anorexia and obesity which media advocacies also fight against. Media advertises food, sometimes junk food, but it also imparts that being thin and wealthy is a good image as that of supermodels.
Violence
Children are most receptive among all sorts of media consumers, being young and uneducated. They go as bad as being traumatized by seeing people hurt other people on the television. They sometimes see wars depicted in movies, still labeled entertainment, but what they need to know is that everybody loses when there are wars.
Public Opinion
Media can shape how the public thinks about an issue. Facts gathered often change the perception of a person.
The public supported the war against terrorism after the lengthy coverages on the 9/11 attack. After exposing Bin Laden to be guilty, people had been more conscious about the effects of terrorism. Unfortunately, but still truly, many Americans had been hostile and unfriendly to the muslims because of all the things they have heard over the media as to beliefs and prophecies mentioned in the Q'uran about the United States.
Media also affects the polity, since it uses media as the most powerful tool to sell good deeds of the officials as well as election candidates. The visibility of the candidates and the public officials brings success into their political careers. It gives them more popularity, if they and their projects get more exposed by way of media coverage.
The things mentioned above focus on media influence. But putting that and everything else aside and going back to the basics of life, how people influence other people with their actions really do count. Ethics
this is supposed to be passed pa on the end of the month.
Wednesday, July 22, 2009
"Si Officer Buckle at Gloria" (ni Peggy Rathman)
Si Officer Buckle ang nakaaalam ng pinakamaraming batas pangkaligtasan sa kahit kanino sa Napville. Bawat oras na nakaiisip siya ng isa ay idinidikit niya ito sa kanyang pisara. Isa dito ang Batas Pangkaligtasan Bilang 77: "Bawal tumayo sa upuang de-gulong."
...
Ipinakakalat ni Officer Buckle ang mga batas na ito sa Napville School. Ngunit walang nakikinig, kalimitan pa'y sila'y humihilik.
...
Pagkatapos noo'y ganoon pa rin. Si Gng. Toppel, ang punong-guro ay ibinaba na ang pakilalang paskil. "Huwag tumayo sa upuang de-gulong," wika ni Officer Buckle, ngunit hindi siya napansin ng punong-guro.
...
Isang araw, ang himpilan ng pulisya ng Napville ay nagdala ng asong si Gloria. Nang panahon na upang magsalita si Officer Buckle, sumama ang aso.
...
"Mga bata, ito si Gloria," pakilala ni Officer Buckle. "Sinusunod niya nag aking utos. Gloria, Upo!" at naupo nga si Gloria.
...
Ibinigay na ni Officer Buckle ang Batas Pangkaligtasan Bilang 1: "Palagiang buhulin ang pisi ng inyong mga sapatos!" Napatingin ang mga bata at nakinig.
...
Tiningnan ni Officer Buckle kung nakaupo si Gloria at siya nga.
...
"Batas Pangkaligtasan Bilang 2," sabi ni Officer Buckle, "Laging punasin ang mga tubig sa sahig nang walang mapadulas!" Bumuka ang mga mata ng mga bata.
...
Tiningnan ni Officer Buckle si Gloria ulit, "Magaling na aso," sabi niya. Pagkatapos noon, winika ni Officer Buckle ang batas na nalaman niya kaning umaga.
...
"Huwag mag-iiwan ng thumbtacks na pwede mong maupuan." Doon ay napasigaw ang mga bata.
...
Napangiti si Officer Buckle. Tinapos niya ang pagsasalita ng mga batas na puno ng ekspresyon. Pumalakpak ang mga bata. Ang iba'y naiyak sa higit na kasiyahan. Hindi makapaniwala si Officer Buckle, dahil hindi niya napansin kung gaano pala kasaya ang pagbibigay ng Batas Pangkaligtasan. Pagkatapos ng pagsasalita ni Officer Buckle, wala nang kahit isang aksidenteng nangyari sa Napville.
...
Sa sumunod na araw, nakatanggap ng mga sulat ang himpilan ng pulis. Mula ang mga sulat-pasasalamat sa mga mag-aaral ng Napville School.
...
Sa bawat sulat, nakaguhit si Gloria. Nagtaka si Officer Buckle sapagkat punung-puno ng imahinasyon ang bawat sulat.
...
Ang paborito niya sa lahat ay ang sulat na hugis bituin na mula kay Claire. Winiwika dito: "Ikaw at si Gloria ay magaling. Ang inyong kaibigan, Claire. P.S. Lagi ankong magsusuot ng helmet, Batas Pangkaligtasan Bilang 7."
...
Pagkadikit ni Officer Buckle ng sulat ni Claire sa kanyang pisara, tumunog ang telepono. Mga paaralang hayskul, elementarya at kindergarten ang tumatawag para sa kanyang pagsasalita. "Officer Buckle," wika nila, "nais ng aming mag-aaral na marinig kayo! Pwede bang sa inyong pagparito ay isama mo ang aso?"
...
Sinabi ni Officer Buckle ang kanyang Batas Pangkaligtasan sa 313 na paaralan. Sa bawat paaralan na kanilang pinupuntahan, nakikinig ang mga kabataan.
...
Pagkatapos ng bawat pagsasalita niya, kumakain sila ni Gloria ng ice cream. Mahal na mahal ni Officer Buckle si Gloria.
...
Isang araw, isang grupo ng nagbabalita sa telebisyon ang nag-rekord sa video ng pagsasalita ni Officer Buckle sa loob ng isang awditoryum sa isang kolehiyo.
...
Nang matapos niya ang Batas Pangkaligtasan Bilang 99, "Huwag maligotuwing may unos," napatayo at pumalakpak ang mga estudyante. "Bravo! Bravo!" sabi nila. At si Officer Buckle nama'y yumuko nang yumuko muli't muli.
...
Nang gabing iyon, nanood ng balita si Officer Buckle. Nakita niya na ang paggawa ni Gloria ng kanyang sinasabi sa kanyang likod nang hindi niya nakikita ang siyang pinapalakpakan at hindi siya.
...
Pagka-umaga, tumawag ang punung-guro ng Napville School sa himpilan ng pulis. "Magandang umaga, Officer Buckle! Oras na para sa inyong pagsasalita!" Sumimangot si Officer Buckle. "Hindi na ako magsasalita pa! Wala namang nakikinig sa akin!" "Oh!" wika ni Gng. Toppel. "Papaano na si Gloria? maaari ba siyang pumunta?"
...
Mula sa himpilan ng pulis ay pinasakay si Gloria tungo sa paaralan. Umakyat ng entablado si Gloria na malungkot. Nakatulog siya pagkatapos, kasama ng mga manonood. Pag-alis ni Gloria, ang Napville School ay nagkaroon ng pinakamalaking aksidente.
...
Nagmula ito sa banana pudding na nakakalat sa sahig. Lahat ay napadulas, tumama sa upuang de-gulong na tinatayuan ni Gng. Toppel, na sumigaw at nabitiwan ang martilyong hawak niya.
...
Kinabukasan, maraming mga sulat ang ipinadala sa himpilan ng pulis. Sa lahat ng sulat ay nakaguhit ang aksidente. Sa ilalim ng sulat ay may isang hugis-bituin na sulat mula kay Claire. Napangiti si Officer Buckle.
...
Hinalikan ni Gloria si Officer Buckle at tinapik ni Officer Buckle si Gloria. Pagkatapos noon, nasisp ng pulsi ang pianakamainam na Batas Pangkaligtasan sa lahat...
...
"Batas Pangkaligtasan Bilang 101: Laging samahan ang iyong kaibigan!"
...
Ipinakakalat ni Officer Buckle ang mga batas na ito sa Napville School. Ngunit walang nakikinig, kalimitan pa'y sila'y humihilik.
...
Pagkatapos noo'y ganoon pa rin. Si Gng. Toppel, ang punong-guro ay ibinaba na ang pakilalang paskil. "Huwag tumayo sa upuang de-gulong," wika ni Officer Buckle, ngunit hindi siya napansin ng punong-guro.
...
Isang araw, ang himpilan ng pulisya ng Napville ay nagdala ng asong si Gloria. Nang panahon na upang magsalita si Officer Buckle, sumama ang aso.
...
"Mga bata, ito si Gloria," pakilala ni Officer Buckle. "Sinusunod niya nag aking utos. Gloria, Upo!" at naupo nga si Gloria.
...
Ibinigay na ni Officer Buckle ang Batas Pangkaligtasan Bilang 1: "Palagiang buhulin ang pisi ng inyong mga sapatos!" Napatingin ang mga bata at nakinig.
...
Tiningnan ni Officer Buckle kung nakaupo si Gloria at siya nga.
...
"Batas Pangkaligtasan Bilang 2," sabi ni Officer Buckle, "Laging punasin ang mga tubig sa sahig nang walang mapadulas!" Bumuka ang mga mata ng mga bata.
...
Tiningnan ni Officer Buckle si Gloria ulit, "Magaling na aso," sabi niya. Pagkatapos noon, winika ni Officer Buckle ang batas na nalaman niya kaning umaga.
...
"Huwag mag-iiwan ng thumbtacks na pwede mong maupuan." Doon ay napasigaw ang mga bata.
...
Napangiti si Officer Buckle. Tinapos niya ang pagsasalita ng mga batas na puno ng ekspresyon. Pumalakpak ang mga bata. Ang iba'y naiyak sa higit na kasiyahan. Hindi makapaniwala si Officer Buckle, dahil hindi niya napansin kung gaano pala kasaya ang pagbibigay ng Batas Pangkaligtasan. Pagkatapos ng pagsasalita ni Officer Buckle, wala nang kahit isang aksidenteng nangyari sa Napville.
...
Sa sumunod na araw, nakatanggap ng mga sulat ang himpilan ng pulis. Mula ang mga sulat-pasasalamat sa mga mag-aaral ng Napville School.
...
Sa bawat sulat, nakaguhit si Gloria. Nagtaka si Officer Buckle sapagkat punung-puno ng imahinasyon ang bawat sulat.
...
Ang paborito niya sa lahat ay ang sulat na hugis bituin na mula kay Claire. Winiwika dito: "Ikaw at si Gloria ay magaling. Ang inyong kaibigan, Claire. P.S. Lagi ankong magsusuot ng helmet, Batas Pangkaligtasan Bilang 7."
...
Pagkadikit ni Officer Buckle ng sulat ni Claire sa kanyang pisara, tumunog ang telepono. Mga paaralang hayskul, elementarya at kindergarten ang tumatawag para sa kanyang pagsasalita. "Officer Buckle," wika nila, "nais ng aming mag-aaral na marinig kayo! Pwede bang sa inyong pagparito ay isama mo ang aso?"
...
Sinabi ni Officer Buckle ang kanyang Batas Pangkaligtasan sa 313 na paaralan. Sa bawat paaralan na kanilang pinupuntahan, nakikinig ang mga kabataan.
...
Pagkatapos ng bawat pagsasalita niya, kumakain sila ni Gloria ng ice cream. Mahal na mahal ni Officer Buckle si Gloria.
...
Isang araw, isang grupo ng nagbabalita sa telebisyon ang nag-rekord sa video ng pagsasalita ni Officer Buckle sa loob ng isang awditoryum sa isang kolehiyo.
...
Nang matapos niya ang Batas Pangkaligtasan Bilang 99, "Huwag maligotuwing may unos," napatayo at pumalakpak ang mga estudyante. "Bravo! Bravo!" sabi nila. At si Officer Buckle nama'y yumuko nang yumuko muli't muli.
...
Nang gabing iyon, nanood ng balita si Officer Buckle. Nakita niya na ang paggawa ni Gloria ng kanyang sinasabi sa kanyang likod nang hindi niya nakikita ang siyang pinapalakpakan at hindi siya.
...
Pagka-umaga, tumawag ang punung-guro ng Napville School sa himpilan ng pulis. "Magandang umaga, Officer Buckle! Oras na para sa inyong pagsasalita!" Sumimangot si Officer Buckle. "Hindi na ako magsasalita pa! Wala namang nakikinig sa akin!" "Oh!" wika ni Gng. Toppel. "Papaano na si Gloria? maaari ba siyang pumunta?"
...
Mula sa himpilan ng pulis ay pinasakay si Gloria tungo sa paaralan. Umakyat ng entablado si Gloria na malungkot. Nakatulog siya pagkatapos, kasama ng mga manonood. Pag-alis ni Gloria, ang Napville School ay nagkaroon ng pinakamalaking aksidente.
...
Nagmula ito sa banana pudding na nakakalat sa sahig. Lahat ay napadulas, tumama sa upuang de-gulong na tinatayuan ni Gng. Toppel, na sumigaw at nabitiwan ang martilyong hawak niya.
...
Kinabukasan, maraming mga sulat ang ipinadala sa himpilan ng pulis. Sa lahat ng sulat ay nakaguhit ang aksidente. Sa ilalim ng sulat ay may isang hugis-bituin na sulat mula kay Claire. Napangiti si Officer Buckle.
...
Hinalikan ni Gloria si Officer Buckle at tinapik ni Officer Buckle si Gloria. Pagkatapos noon, nasisp ng pulsi ang pianakamainam na Batas Pangkaligtasan sa lahat...
...
"Batas Pangkaligtasan Bilang 101: Laging samahan ang iyong kaibigan!"
Tuesday, July 14, 2009
Scholarly Paper - A Case of Ethical Dilemma
University of Saint La Salle
Bacolod City
College of Arts and Sciences
Mass Communications Department
A Scholarly Paper in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the course Communication Values and Ethics
Submitted by:
Jim Austin Tolentino
Submitted to:
Mr. Rhoderick K. Samonte
Center for External Relations/Institute for Negros Development
University of Saint La Salle, Bacolod City
University of Saint La Salle, Bacolod City
.................
Abstract
The paper aims to evaluate a certain media involvement in an ethical issue which is the hazards of going after a news story and risking one's life doing it. The situation is filled with consequences that could have been evaded upon further consideration of internal and external factors. The country being one of the most hazardous places for journalists, the theme of this paper is about the seize and release of ABS-CBN journalist Cecilia Victoria "Ces" Oreña-Drilon.
The paper presents newspaper clippings of the developments in the case presented until it ended about nine days later. Developments, including continuous supply of communication to the media team by phone and press releases of the abductors had been followed closely.
Conclusive to the series is the release of the news team. But that does not conclude the case study and presentation. Ethical dilemmas, momentarily forgotten for the sake of the crew's safety, should be tackled afterward.
.................
Case Presentation
INTRODUCTION
Together with two cameramen and a professor from the Mindanao State University, Ces Drilon was kidnapped by members of the guerilla group called Abu Sayyaf on the way to interview a top commander of the terrorist group. Maimbung mayor Naji Maldisa confirmed the kidnapping Tuesday, June 10, 2008. The MSU staff, Prof. Octavio Dinampo was with cameramen Jimmy Encarnacion and Angelo Valderama.
Albader Parad of the Abu Sayyaf and Gafur Jumdail of the Moro National Liberation Front Misuari breakaway group were the alleged kidnappers of the media personnel and professor.
Drilon and company were held at gunpoint in Labbah 10-12 kilometers away while on their way to Barangay Kulasi , Maldisa quoted witnesses as saying.“Before they could get to Kulasi, they had to pass two more barangays—Datu Ugis and Kapuk Punggul,” the mayor said, also saying that Labbah is not a populated community. “They were on the main highway in Labbah when the Tamaraw was stopped.” (Alipala, 2008)
Nine days after the abduction, the crew were released together with the MSU professor, 11 PM Tuesday. They were picked up by Jun Isnaji and brought to the house of Mayor Alvarez Isnaji of Talipao, Sulu. They were in good condition but they needed medical attention and nutrition.
Authorities thanked the people of Sulu and their local government for their cooperation with the armed forces in trying to bail the media personnel out. It had also been found out the Senator Loren Legarda, former colleague of Drilon, took part in the negotiations, which included "pressuring, cajoling, appealing, and even threatening them to free the captives."
Philippine National Police Director General Avelino Razon said,"Ang aral po dito laging sinasabi hindi natin puwedeng i-exercise press freedom na malalagay ang [The lesson here is we can't exercise press freedom by putting] reporters or journalists in harm's way, na hawak ng terrorista or criminal elements." (Alberto & Guinto, 2008)
There can be a lot of ethical dilemmas in the picture. First is the persistence on the part of the newscaster to enjoy press freedom in a quest to get the story at a personal risk. This is what the paper will be talking about. Another is the motivations behind the "without conditions or payment of ransom but on 'purely humanitarian grounds'” claim of the parties who helped pull the crew out. We should take it in point that Sen. Legarda is a prominent presidentiable or vice-presidentiable. And lastly is the unmentioned grounds of sanctioning Drilon went through as punishment for "disobeying orders not to go to Indanan, Sulu, where she and her cameramen Jimmy Encarnacion and Angelo Valderama were kidnapped by an armed group.” (Papa, 2008)
INVOLVEMENTS
Cecilia Victoria "Ces" Oreña-Drilon had been with ABS-CBN since 1989, after working with Maharlika Broadcasting System Channel 4. She anchored The World Tonight, a daily English news broadcast program. She also hosted Pipol, Insider and the Correspondents - all from ABS-CBN. She had covered important public events, including the 1989 coup attempt to the Aquino regime, 1990 earthquake, 1991 eruption of the Pinatubo and the failed rebellion of Sen. Antonio Trillianes IV from the Manila Peninsula Hotel in 2007. (Sampan & Go, 2008)
Jimmy Encarnacion and Angelo Valderama are members of Drilon's news team. They had been abducted with Drilon. Valderama was released ahead with an alleged P2-million ransom for "his board and lodging." (Alberto & Guinto, 2008)
Prof. Octavio Dinampo teaches at Mindanao State University. He was the team's guide down to the Abu Sayyaf camp.
Mayor Naji Maldisa of Maimbung confirmed the abduction of the team.
Albader Parad and Gafur Jumdail of the Abu Sayyaf and the Moro National Liberation Front Misuari breakaway group respectively were the abductors.
Chief Supt. Joel Goltiao, the police chief of ARMM, said that the team was initially brought to the Karawan complex since the place is saturated with law enforcers.
Mary Ann Arnado, secretary general of the Mindanao Peoples Caucus, denied reports that Dinampo might be included in the plot to seize the news team by saying, “[Dinampo] is our negotiator for peace in the area, being our Bantay Ceasefire chair.” She addedthat Dinampo is “a gracious and reliable guide of many visitors to Sulu, and has consistently protected his visitors even at the risk of his own life.”(Alipala, 2008)
Jainatu Dinampo is Mrs. Octavio Dinampo who expressed worry about her husband's arthritis and that he is not being considered a kidnap victim.
Fatmawatti Salapuddin said that Dinampo was “one credible person” in the area with his access to different armed groups. She is from the Bangsamoro Women Organization.
Maria Ressa is ABS-CBN news and current affairs chief who had been in touch with Drilon a day after she went missing, being informed by Drilon herslef that the team was detained.
Avelino Razon is the PNP chief who received the ransom demands and confirmed the release of the team after nine days of the abduction. The ransom had not been granted.
Sen. Loren Legarda is a former colleague of Drilon before she entered the senate. She secured the captives’ release without conditions or payment of ransom but on “purely humanitarian grounds.” (Alberto & Guinto, 2008)
Indanan Mayor Alvarez Isnaji and Governor Sakur Tan are members of the local crisis committee who aided in persuading the abductors to free the team.
Haider Isnaji is the son of Mayor Alvarez Isnaji who also coordinated with the rebel group.
ETHICAL DILEMMAS
Mentioned on the introduction above is a chronological set of events involving the abduction and release of ABS-CBN news team led by broadcast journalist Cecilia Victoria "Ces" Oreña-Drilon. The ethical dilemmas also presented give a fair view of what could still have happened. It starts with their itinerary for the day which is a trip to interview on of the top commanders of the Abu Sayyaf group, to the release, and the sanctions faced by Drilon upon returning to the office.
Did Drilon and her team have a choice as to going after the news and risking themselves? Could they have been safer, and not been under the terrorist group's custody, had they taken in extra care in treading through terrorist territory? How far is a journalist supposed to go to secure a story for his network? Would the ethics of campus journalism still be obeyed in the scenario?
ETHICAL PRINCIPLES INVOLVED
Respect for Autonomy - Drilon had her own decisions to herself to go after the news story she desires to share with the people.
Informed consent - Applying to both the cameramen as agents under Drilon's instruction, and Drilon herself under the authorities' instruction. They were informed of all the risks, being in the business in the better part of their working lives.
Veracity - The journalists' continued path into obtaining the truth despite all the risks is very evident in the scenario.
Human Dignity - The threat to behead the news team had been a clear indication of the price of human dignity. The Abu Sayyaf's continued fight for administrative independence also indicates their need to be honored and seen as they are. This is mainly rooted to the belief that the source of human dignity is rooted in the concept of Imago Dei, in Christ’s redemption and in our ultimate destiny of union with God. (Ascension Health, 2007)
Subsidiarity - not necessarily to the abduction itself, but there is subsidiarity in the scenario because of the organization Drilon is in. Not just with ABS-CBN, but also among her small group with the cameramen
POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS
Based on the ethical principles involved in the case presentation and the journalistic ethical dilemma of how far to go to get a particular story, the recommendations are as follows:
1. The use of personal judgement. While it is true that journalists have their own sense of autonomy as persons themselves that should also be respected, they are also members of an organization who look up to superiors. The judgement therefore must be in accordance to what would benefit all the members.
2. Consideration of all the factors before proceeding with the act. Looking into the case in itself: Mindanao is a hostile part of the country - of that Drilon is sure. They were confident that they were not supposed to be touched by the rebels because they also convey the rebels' messages to the government, but they should also have considered that the rebel psychology may see anybody from the neutral part of the society to belong to the government by default.
3. Awaiting further instructions, or asking for them. This is not a school situation wherein anybody could be reprimanded for not being able to comprehend and ask for clarifications. This costs safety of people - people who we rely on for knowledge about what's happening at that, in the pursuit of the information to share.
4. Asking for assistance. Extra security or back-up until a few kilometers before the exchange won't hurt the egos of the rebels. At least the defenseless media people won't be travelling alone and be exposed to all risks of ambush and accidents.
CONCLUSION
The case presentor prefers all of the mentioned solutions, since they can be done together. Doing all them would ensure that the profession is practiced well according to the laws that safeguard the interests of all the involved.
This is a tough job encompassing tasks as simple as writing about a select feature on lifestyle to life and safety - costing adventures. Let it be remembered that the Philippines is one of the most dangerous places in the world for this business. While these things can be inevitable in many instances, a little observance of ethics in the regulations could just possibly save oneself and one's team from doom.
Drilon humbly accepted her sanctions and admitted that because of her actions, she had jeopardized her team's safety. She wrote, “I respectfully accept the sanctions you deem proper in my disregard of your order. I cannot put into words how deeply I regret having put my team in danger ... and having caused anxiety and stress to the whole organization.” (Papa, 2008)
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References
http://www.manilatimes.net/national/2008/june/10/yehey/top_stories/20080610top8.html
http://www.ascensionhealth.org/ethics/public/key_principles/human_dignity.asp
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